清前期书籍中“胡虏夷狄”诸字样删改现象新探

A New Exploration on the Deletion and Alteration of the Words“Hu Lu Yi Di”in Books of the Early Qing Dynasty

清前期书籍多有删改“胡虏夷狄”诸字样之情形,崇祯年间刻刘荣嗣诗集与康熙元年刻刘荣嗣诗集之异文比勘,为探讨清顺治、康熙时书籍删改情形提供了具体案例。本文结合时人所辑刻的书籍及康熙、雍正、乾隆针对避改这类字样的谕旨与实践具体分析,发现清代君主“胡虏夷狄”避忌观随着政治环境的变化而变化,清代书籍中删改“胡虏夷狄”诸字样并非仅仅为清统治者避忌所致,亦是清统治者在王朝一统基础上,采取积极的民族政策,维护清朝一统地位,以“大公至正”态度修史消除歧视的结果。

Many books in the early Qing Dynasty had the words“Hu Lu Yi Di”deleted or altered.A comparison of the different texts of Liu Rongsi’s poetry collection engraved in the Chongzhen period and Liu Rongsi’s poetry collection engraved in the first year of the Kangxi period provides a specific case for exploring the deletion of books during the Shunzhi and Kangxi periods of the Qing Dynasty.This paper combines the books compiled and engraved at that time and the Kangxi,Yongzheng,and Qianlong period’s monarch’s decrees to conduct a detailed analysis of the edicts and practices of avoiding and modifying this type of wording.The author found that the Qing Dynasty monarch’s view of avoidance of“Hu Lu Yi Di”changed with the shifts in the political environment.Deleting the words“Hu Lu Yi Di”in the books of the Qing Dynasty was not just a taboo for the Qing rulers,but also the result of the rulers of the Qing Dynasty adopting active ethnic policies on the basis of national unification,safeguarding the unified status of the Qing Dynasty,and revising history to eliminate discrimination with a“Just and Impartial”attitude.