中国海关华籍关员在征税项与邮政局中的头衔统计研究(1892—1912)

A Statistical Study on the Titles of Chinese Staffs in Revenue Department and Postal Department of Imperial Chinese Maritime Customs

1892年起,中国海关总税务司署造册处于《题名录》中编纂《华员头衔表》,呈现华员头衔与征税项、邮政局中籍贯、薪水、职阶间关系。本文为面板数据库建构头衔及其获得方式两个变量维度,填以逐年升迁及薪水数据后,整合面板数据库中重复条目,得出689名华员的截面数据库,并对头衔与获得方式实施分类归纳,从而呈现征税项与邮政局对人才选拔方式之异同。此异同代表总税务司署深入了解中国人才选拔和文官体系,并尝试将其融入自身体制。此乃中外机构交融的重要尝试。

Since 1892,the Statistical Department of the Inspectorate General of Imperial Chinese Maritime Customs compiled the“List of Chinese Personnel Titles”in“The Register of Staff”,which continued until the end of the Qing Dynasty.It presented the structural relationship between titles,salaries and ranks under the dual-track system of Revenue Department and Postal Department.This study constructed two-dimensional variables-six titles and ten means of title acquisition them for a panel database,and filled in the yearly promotion and salary data.Then,the repeated entries of data in the panel database were integrated to obtain a cross-sectional database of 689 Chinese members,and the titles and corresponding acquisition methods were classified and summarized.By inputting historical data,constructing a panel database,integrating cross-sectional databases and summarizing characteristics,the similarities and differences in talents selection methods under the dual-track system were revealed.Such represented the customs’in-depth understanding of China’s talents selection and civil service system,as well as the bidirectional merge of institutional structure and talent resources,which was an important attempt at the integration of Chinese and foreign institutions.