2011-2021年某院儿科住院呼吸道感染患儿病原体检测结果报告

Report of etiological test for children with respiratory tract infection in pediatrics department of a hospital from 2011 to 2021

目的分析2011-2021年某院儿科住院呼吸道感染患儿病原体检测结果。方法以2011-2021年空军军医大学西京医院儿科收治的11199例因急性呼吸道感染住院儿童为研究对象,应用酶联免疫分析检测患儿血清中常见呼吸道病原体免疫球蛋白(Ig)M抗体,对不同性别、年龄、季节的感染率进行分析。结果六种呼吸道病原体总检出率为45.46%,肺炎支原体(MP)阳性率最高为22.14%,其次为腺病毒(ADV)(10.54%)、肺炎衣原体(CP)(4.69%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)(4.26%)、副流感病毒(PIV)(3.53%)及流感病毒(IFV)(0.31%)。总混合感染率为8.37%,两种病原体混合感染比例最高为81.03%,以MP+ADV合并感染为主(28.07%);三种病原体混合感染以MP+ADV+CP多见为49.66%。六种病原体基本上都是女性患儿比男性患儿阳性率高(P<0.05)。随年龄增长,六种呼吸道病原体总检出率呈上升趋势,在不同年龄组之间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。MP感染在6~<14岁感染率最高(33.59%),ADV在6岁以下儿童检出率达33.03%,与6~<14岁组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。呼吸道病原体感染一般在秋冬季高发,其次是夏季,最低的是春季,四季分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论2011-2021年某院急性呼吸道感染住院患儿病原体以MP、ADV为主,混合感染多见,分布具有年龄、性别及季节性特征,了解呼吸道病原体流行特征,对儿童呼吸道感染疾病的诊治起到积极作用。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the result of etiological test for the children with respiratory tract infection who were hospitalized in the pediatrics department of a hospital from 2011 to 2021.METHODS A total of 11,199 children who were hospitalized in pediatrics department of Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University due to acute respiratory tract infection from 2011 to 2021 were recruited as the study objects.The serum immunoglobulin(Ig)M antibodies of common respiratory tract pathogens were detected by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The incidence of the infection was observed and compared among the children with different genders,age and in different seasons.RESULTS The total detection rate of six species of respiratory tract pathogens was 45.46%,the positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)was the highest(22.14%),followed by adenovirus(ADV)(10.54%),Chlamydia pneumoniae(CP)(4.69%),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)(4.26%),parainfluenza virus(PIV)(3.53%)and influenza virus(IFV)(0.31%).The total incidence of mixed infection was 8.37%.The proportion of the children with the mixed infections of two species of pathogens was the highest(81.03%),among whom the children with mixed infection of MP plus ADV were dominant(28.07%).The children with the mixed infections of MP plus ADV plus CP were the most common among the children with mixed infections of three species of pathogens.The positive rates of the six species of pathogens were significantly higher among the female children than among the male children(P<0.05).The total isolation rate of the six species of pathogens showed an upward trend with the growth of age,and there was significant difference among the age groups(P<0.05).The incidence of MP infection was the highest(33.59%)among the children aged between 6 and 14 years old,the isolation rate of ADV was up to 33.03%among the children aged less than 6 years old,as compared with the children aged between 6 and 14 years old,there was significant difference(P<0.05).The respiratory tract infection was the most prevalent in autumn and winter,followed by summer,with the lowest in spring,and there was significant difference among the four seasons(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS MP and ADV are the major species of pathogens isolated from the hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection,the mixed infection is very common,and the distribution is characterized by age,gender and season.It may play a positive role in diagnosis and treatment of the children with respiratory infectious diseases to understand the epidemiological characteristics of the respiratory tract pathogens.