区域贸易协定知识产权保护对技术跨境溢出的影响及机制研究

Research on the influence and mechanism of RTA's intellectual property protection on cross-border technology spillovers

有效利用区域贸易协定(RTA)知识产权规则增加创新技术流入是各国提升国内生产力的重要途径。本文以2000—2017年WTO和世界银行深度贸易数据库的269个RTAs为样本,在测算RTA知识产权条款覆盖率、执行率以及区分TRIPs-plus条款的基础上,探究RTA知识产权保护深度对技术跨境溢出的影响及作用机制。研究发现:RTA知识产权保护条款有效促进了技术跨境溢出,且结果稳健。异质性分析发现:该促进作用在北北型和北南型伙伴国之间更显著;机制分析表明:RTA知识产权保护可以通过促进国内创新、提高国内知识产权保护标准扩大技术溢出;进一步分析表明:RTA中包含知识产权条款能够通过信号效应对缔约国和第三国间的技术溢出产生积极影响。本研究不仅丰富了区域经济一体化层面知识产权保护的动态效应研究,同时也为各国吸引技术要素流入、推动国内创新以及完善知识产权保护政策拓展了新路径。

The effective use of regional trade agreement(RTA)intellectual property rules to increase the flow of innovative technologies is an important way for countries to enhance domestic productivity.Based on the 269 RTAs in the WTO and the World Bank's In-depth Trade Database from 2000 to 2017,this paper explored the impact of RTA's intellectual property protection on cross-border technology spillovers and its mechanism on the basis of measuring the coverage and enforcement rate of intellectual property provisions and differentiating TRIPs-plus provisions.The study found that RTA intellectual property protection effectively promotes crossborder technology spillovers,and the results are robust.The heterogeneity analysis showed that the promotion effect is more significant between north and south partner countries;the mechanism analysis showed that the RTA intellectual property protection can expand technology spillovers by promoting innovation and strengthening domestic IP rules;and further analysis showed that the inclusion of IP provisions in RTAs can have a positive impact on technology spillovers between contracting parties and third countries.This paper has not only enriched the research on the dynamic effects of intellectual property protection in regional economic integration,but also expanded a new path for countries to attract the inflow of technological factors,promote domestic innovation and improve intellectual property protection policies.