儿科医生对人工智能的知信行现状调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of the status of pediatricians’knowledge,attitude,and practice towards artificial intelligence

目的调查儿科医生对人工智能(AI)的知识、态度和行为(知信行)现状。方法采用方便抽样法选取山东省16个地市医疗机构的299名儿科医生进行AI知信行问卷调查,调查时间为2023年12月15日至2024年1月14日。分析儿科医生AI知信行现状及其相关性。结果最终回收有效问卷297份(99.3%),其中98名(33.0%)儿科医生知晓AI机器学习和深度学习两个亚类间的区别,273名(91.9%)儿科医生非常同意或同意AI将在医学中发挥重要作用,152名(51.2%)儿科医生非常同意或同意医学领域的AI是安全的,仅58名(19.5%)儿科医生表示在临床中使用过AI。不同学位儿科医生的知识得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.035)。知识与态度评分、知识与行为评分、态度与行为评分的相关系数分别为0.13(P<0.05)、0.27(P<0.001)、0.25(P<0.001)。结论儿科医生在AI知识与行为方面存在不足,对AI的态度较积极,但仍然担心AI的安全性。建议将AI知识教育纳入医学院校课程以及专科医师培训中,以提高医生对AI的知信度,促进其在临床实践中应用AI技术。

Objective To investigate the status of pediatricians'knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)towards artificial intelligence(AI).Methods The convenient sampling method was used to select 299 pediatricians from medical institutions in 16 cities in Shandong Province to conduct a questionnaire survey on AI KAP.The survey time was from December 15,2023 to January 14,2024,to analyze the status of AI KAP among pediatricians and its correlation.Results There were 297(99.3%)valid questionnaires.Among them,98(33.0%)pediatricians knew the difference between AI machine learning and deep learning,273(91.9%)pediatricians strongly agreed or agreed that AI would play an important role in medicine,152(51.2%)pediatricians strongly agreed or agreed that AI in the medical field was safe,and only 58(19.5%)pediatricians said they had used AI in clinical practice.There was a statistically significant difference in knowledge score between pediatricians with different degrees(P=0.035).The correlation coefficients of knowledge and attitude score,knowledge and practice score,and attitude and practice score were 0.13(P<0.05),0.27(P<0.001),0.25(P<0.001),respectively.Conclusion Pediatricians have deficiencies in AI knowledge and practice,have more positive attitudes toward AI,but remain concerned about the safety of AI.It is recommended that education on AI knowledge be incorporated into medical school curricula as well as specialist training to improve physicians'knowledge and beliefs about AI and to facilitate their application of AI technology in clinical practice.