智慧建筑全生命周期综合评价研究

Research on Integrated Evaluation of the Full Life Cycle of Intelligent Buildings

智慧建筑秉承绿色高效和以人为本的理念,运用BIM、大数据、物联网、云计算、人工智能等高新技术,打造绿色环保、高效便捷的居住环境。基于全寿命周期理论、可持续发展理论以及利益相关者理论,运用DPSF概念模型,从全过程的开发角度出发,先期构建包含4个维度、5类要素、31个指标的智慧建筑全生命周期综合评价体系。采用问卷调查法对数据进行统计分析,并将指标进行优化,形成一套智慧建筑全生命周期综合评价指标。随后利用熵权法求得指标权重,通过物元分析方法构造经典物元和节域物元,分析各指标对应评价等级的关联度,确定待评价物元的评价等级,从而建立智慧建筑全生命周期综合评价模型。最后以某绿色公建建筑为例进行实证分析,验证指标体系的科学及合理性并从经济环境、技术角度和施工状态三个方面提出促进智慧建筑项目建设的建议。

Smart buildings adhere to the principles of green efficiency and human-centered design,utilizing advanced technologies such as BIM,big data,the Internet of Things,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence to create environmentally friendly and efficient living environments.Based on theories of the full life cycle,sustainable development,and stakeholder theory,a comprehensive evaluation system for the entire life cycle of smart buildings is constructed using the DPSF conceptual model,encompassing four dimensions,five categories of elements,and thirty-one indicators from a holistic development perspective.A questionnaire survey method is employed for statistical analysis of the data,and the indicators are optimized to form a set of comprehensive evaluation indicators for the entire life cycle of smart buildings.Subsequently,the entropy weight method is used to determine the weights of the indicators,and the classic matter-element and domain matter-element analysis methods are applied to analyze the correlation of each indicator with its corresponding evaluation level,thereby establishing the evaluation level of the matter element to be assessed and creating a comprehensive evaluation model for the entire life cycle of smart buildings.Finally,an empirical analysis is conducted using a green public building as a case study to validate the scientific and rational nature of the indicator system,and suggestions for promoting the construction of smart building projects are proposed from the perspectives of economic environment,technology,and construction status.