中学生物理概念理解水平的性别差异:影响因素及作用机制

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTSLEVEL OF PHYSICAL CONCEPT UNDERSTANDING:INFLUENCING FACTORS AND ROLE MECHANISMS

大量研究表明,男生在物理学科能力和学习动机方面的表现显著优于女生。为探究外界评价和物理学习动机对学生物理概念理解的作用机制,本文选取252名高中生为样本,用结构方程模型分析性别差异的形成机制。该模型显示物理身份认同能够显著正向预测学生物理概念理解水平,而学习兴趣和自我效能感对其没有显著影响。外界评价是导致男女生物理身份认同存在显著差异的重要原因。女生感知到来自他人的认可度低,破坏了其物理身份认同的形成发展过程,从而进一步影响了女生在物理学习中的表现。

A substantial amount of research indicates that male students significantly outperform female students in terms of their ability and motivation to learn the subject of physics.In order to investigate the mechanism of external evaluation and physics learning motivation on studentsconceptual understanding of physics,this paper selected a sample of 252 high school students and analyzes the formation mechanism of gender differences using a structural equation model.The model shows that physics identity can significantly and positively predict studentsphysics conceptual understanding level,while learning interest and self-efficacy have no significant effect on it.External evaluation is an important reason for the significant difference in physics identity between male and female students.Female students perceive a lower degree of recognition from others,which disrupts the formation and development of their physical identity,thereby further affecting their performance in physics learning.