信息化建设、供应链溢出与企业劳动雇佣——基于“宽带中国”政策的准自然实验

Information Technology Development,Supply Chain Spillovers and Corporate Employment:A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the “Broadband China” Pilot Policy

基于2009—2020年沪深A股上市公司及其前五大供应商和客户的数据,本文借助“宽带中国”政策这一准自然实验,从供应链溢出效应的视角考察信息化建设对企业劳动雇佣规模和结构的影响。研究结果发现,中游企业所在城市的信息化建设显著提升企业自身的经营绩效,促进上下游企业平均增加12.7%的雇佣规模,并使高技能员工的雇佣比例上升;中游企业的信息化建设通过扩大上下游企业的市场规模和降低上下游企业的经营风险有效推动上下游企业劳动雇佣规模的增加,在中游民营企业、上下游劳动密集度高、融资约束高及供应商和客户集中度高的企业中作用更明显。本文为探讨信息化建设的政策效应及企业劳动雇佣的影响因素拓展新视角,也为推动高质量发展提供经验借鉴。

Information technology(IT)construction,as a key measure to strengthen enterprises supply chain networks,has a profound impact on corporate employment.Based on the data from A-share listed firms and their top five suppliers and customers from 2009 to 2020,this paper employs the Broadband China policy as a quasi-natural experiment to explore the impact of IT construction on corporate employment scale and structure from the perspective of supply chain spillover effects.The study finds that IT construction in cities where midstream firms are located not only significantly enhances their own operational performance but also leads to a 12.7%increase in the average employment scale of upstream and downstream firms,along with a higher proportion of high-skilled employees.Mechanism analysis reveals that the promotion of corporate employment in upstream and downstream firms is achieved through expanding their market scale and reducing their operation risks.This effect is more pronounced in midstream private firms and in upstream and downstream firms with high labor intensity,high financing constraints,and high supplier and customer concentration.This paper provides new insights into the policy effects of IT construction and its impact on corporate employment,offering valuable lessons for promoting steady growth and high-quality development.