非编码RNA在中耳胆脂瘤发病机制中的研究进展

Progress of Research on Non-coding RNA in Pathogenesis of Middle Ear Cholesteatoma

中耳胆脂瘤是耳鼻咽喉科常见病,是致聋的主要疾病之一,具有过度增殖性、迁移侵袭性、复发性等临床特征。目前,还没有有效的药物治疗方法,手术切除仍然是唯一可行的治疗策略。非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)是一种本身不翻译为蛋白质但可在转录及转录后水平调控基因表达的内源性RNA,参与了发育、器官形成、细胞增殖与凋亡等多种生理过程。近年来,越来越多的研究显示,ncRNA与中耳胆脂瘤的发生发展密切相关,涉及多种生物学过程。我们针对ncRNA在中耳胆脂瘤角质形成细胞的增殖、迁移和凋亡、局部炎症反应及骨质破坏等过程中的作用及相关机制进行综述,为中耳胆脂瘤非手术治疗提供新的思路和靶点。

Middle ear cholesteatoma is a common otolaryngology disease which is hyperproliferative,migratory,invasive and recurrent.It's one of the leading causes of deafness.Currently,no effective drug treatments are available for middle ear cholesteatoma and surgical resection remains the solely feasible treatment strategy.Noncoding RNA(ncRNA)is an endogenous RNA that does not translate itself into proteins but regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level.It is involved in various physiological processes such as development,organ formation,cell proliferation and apoptosis.Recently,an increasing number of studies have shown that ncRNA is closely related to the development of middle ear cholesteatoma,involving multiple biological processes.In this paper,we review the roles of ncRNA in keratinocyte proliferation,migration,apoptosis,local inflammatory response and bone resorption in middle ear cholesteatoma,to provide new ideas and targets for non-surgical treatments of middle ear cholesteatoma.