数据要素能否影响新质生产力?——对我国31个省域面板数据的分析

Can Data Elements Influence New Quality Productivity?——Analysis of Panel Data from 31 Provinces in China

基于2011~2022年31个省域面板数据,考察数据要素影响新质生产力的传导机制与空间效应,对提升新质生产力的路径进行探索。研究发现:数据要素能够显著地促进新质生产力发展,但区域间存在差异,我国西部地区数据要素对新质生产力发展的作用不显著,东部和中部地区作用明显。调节效应表明提升产业链韧性对数据要素推进新质生产力具有正向调节作用,城乡收入差距对数据要素推进新质生产力具有负向调节作用。选取人工智能为门槛变量,发现数据要素对新质生产力发展存在正向非线性关系,人工智能发展水平增强了这一正向促进关系。此外,空间效应表明数据要素对邻近地区新质生产力发展具有显著的溢出效应。基于此,政府应不断加强数字基础设施建设、促进区域发展平衡、优化教育资源、提升产业链韧性、缩小城乡收入差距、加强人工智能发展、更好地利用数据要素推动新质生产力的发展,促进经济的均衡和可持续发展。

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2011 to 2022,this paper examines the trans-mission mechanism and the spatial effect of data elements affecting the new quality productivity,and explores the path to enhance the new quality productivity.It is found that data elements can significantly promote the development of new quality productivity,but there are differences between regions,i.e.the role of data ele-ments on the development of new quality productivity in the western regions of China is not significant,but the role of the eastern and central regions is obvious.The moderating effect indicates that improving the resil-ience of the industrial chain has a positive moderating effect on the promotion of new quality productivity by data factors,and the urban-rural income gap has a negative moderating effect on the promotion of new quali-ty productivity by data factors.Selecting artificial intelligence as the threshold variable,it is found that there is a positive non-linear relationship between data factors on the development of new quality productivity,and the level of artificial intelligence development enhances this positive promotion relationship.In addition,the spatial effect indicates that data elements have a significant spillover effect on the development of new quality productivity in neighboring regions.Based on this,the government should continue to strengthen the con-struction of digital infrastructure,promote balanced regional development,optimize educational resources,enhance the resilience of the industrial chain,narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,strengthen the development of artificial intelligence,and make better use of data elements to promote the de-velopment of new quality productivity,so as to promote the balanced and sustainable development of the economy.