2012-2022年北京市密云区乙肝报告发病情况流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of hepatitis B cases reported in Miyun district of Beijing,2012-2022

目的 分析2012-2022年北京市密云区乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行特征,为乙肝的防控提供科学依据.方法 2012-2022年乙肝病例数据整理自《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》的北京市密云区传染病报告病例,用描述性流行病学的方法进行分析.结果 2012-2022年北京市密云区共报告乙肝病例3 709例,年均报告发病率为66.51/10万;2022年乙肝报告发病率最高,为91.91/10万,2013年乙肝报告发病率最低,为27.13/10万,报告发病率总体呈上升趋势;3月报告病例数最多为368例,占9.92%;10月报告病例数最少为265例,占7.14%,无明显季节性流行;男性报告发病率(99.25/10万)高于女性(55.75/10万);年龄分布中,乙肝患者最小年龄为13岁,45~59岁年龄组乙肝患者占比最高(44.94%);职业分布中农民占比最高(33.70%);地区分布中年平均报告发病率最高为鼓楼街道(106.17/10万),最少为古北口镇(34.33/10万).结论 北京市密云区乙肝报告发病率呈现上升趋势,发病人数主要集中在农民及45~59岁人群,建议加强成人及高危人群的乙肝疫苗免疫预防接种及乙肝防控宣传科普工作,以降低乙肝发病率,控制乙肝病毒流行.

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of viral hepatitis B in Miyun district of Beijing from 2012 to 2022,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis B.Methods The data of hepatitis B cases from 2012 to 2022 were retrived from the infectious disease cases in Miyun district of Beijing reported in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for the analysis.Results A total of 3709 cases of hepatitis B were reported from 2012 to 2022 in Miyun district of Beijing with an average annual incidence of 66.51/100000.The reported incidence of hepatitis B was the highest in 2022(91.91/100000),and the lowest in 2013(27.13/100000),showing an overall trend of rising.The number of reported cases on March was 368 and was the highest of all months,accounting for 9.92%,while the number on October was 265 and was the lowest,accounting for 7.14%No obvious seasonality was observed.The reported incidence was higher in males(99.25/100000)than that in females(55.75/100000).For the age distribution,the youngest hepatitis B patients was 13 years old,and the proportion of hepatitis B patients was the highest in 45-59 years old group(44.94%).Farmers accounted the highest proportion of occupations(33.70%).For the geographic distribution,the average reported incidence in Gulou Street(106.17/100000)was highest while Gubeikou Town(34.33/100000)was the lowest.Conclusions The reported incidence of hepatitis B in Miyun district of Beijing showed a trend of increasing,and the incidences were high in farmers and people aged 45-59 years old.It is suggested to strengthen the hepatitis B vaccination as well as publicity and popularization of hepatitis B prevention and control in adults and high-risk groups,so as to reduce the incidence of hepatitis B and control the epidemic of hepatitis B virus.