聚合物锂离子电池隔膜的研究进展

Recent advances in polymerized lithium-ion battery separators

近些年来,随着便携式电子产品的普及和对新能源需求的增长,锂离子电池因其能量密度高、寿命长、自放电率低等优点而受到广泛关注。然而,锂离子电池隔膜作为锂电池的重要组件,在材料创新、制备工艺、性能优化等方面仍然存在挑战,因此,开发新型聚合物锂离子电池隔膜技术成为未来潜在的重要课题之一。介绍了纤维素、纳米复合等手段以用于开发新型聚合物隔膜材料,综述了先进的隔膜制造技术如静电纺丝、真空抽滤、表面涂覆、层层自组装等方法的最新研究进展,揭示了隔膜微观结构的调控以提高锂离子在隔膜中的传输效率,并阐述了锂离子电池热管理系统的特点。最后,总结了聚合物锂离子电池隔膜在新能源领域所面临的挑战,并展望了其未来的发展前景。

In recent years,with the popularization of portable electronic devices and the increasing demand for renewable energy,lithium-ion batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages of high energy density,long lifetime,and low self-discharge rate.However,lithium-ion battery separator,as an essential component of lithium batteries,is still challenging in terms of material innovation,fabrication techniques,performance enhancement,etc.Therefore,the development of novel polymerized lithium-ion battery separator technology has become one of the potentially important issues in the future.Cellulose,nanocompositing for the development of novel polymeric separator materials were introduced,the latest research progress of advanced separator fabrication techniques such as electrospinning,vacuum filtration method,surface coating method,layer-by-layer selfassembly method was reviewed,the modulation of separator microstructures to improve lithium-ion transport efficiency in the separator was revealed,and the characteristics of lithium-ion battery thermal management system were described.Finally,the challenges of polymeric lithium-ion battery separators in the field of new energy were summarized,and their future development prospects were foreseen.