数字投入如何赋能制造业向全球价值链高端攀升

How Digital Inputs Enable Manufacturing Climb Up the Global Value Chain

加快数字要素投入,对制造业转型升级及其全球价值链分工地位向上攀升至关重要。基于中国工业企业数据库、中国海关数据库、世界投入产出数据库测度了2000—2013年中国城市层面的数字投入水平与出口国内增加值率并展开实证研究,结果表明:制造业数字投入显著促进了出口国内增加值率的提升,国外中间投入替代与降低成本是其发挥作用的两个渠道。进一步分析发现,数字投入对东部地区、高技术密集型行业的正向影响更为显著,且相比于广东省内的其他城市,数字投入对粤港澳大湾区城市的价值链攀升作用更加明显。研究结论为数字经济赋能制造业向全球价值链高端攀升的效应、机制、地区及行业差异提供了进一步的理解。

Accelerating digital inputs is crucial for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing and its upward climb in the global value chain.Based on the China Industrial Enterprises Database,the China Customs Database and the WIOD Database,an empirical study is conducted to measure the level of digital inputs and the domestic value-added rate of exports at the city level in China from 2000 to 2013.The results show that digital inputs in the manufacturing significantly contribute to the increase of the domestic value-added rate of exports,with foreign intermediate input substitution and cost reduction as the two channels of its functioning.Further analysis reveals that the positive impact of digital inputs is more significant in the eastern region,in high technology-intensive industries,and that digital inputs have a more pronounced effect on the value chain upgrading of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area cities than other cities in Guangdong Province.The findings provide further understanding of the effects,mechanisms,regional and industry differences in the digital economy-enabled manufacturing sector’s climb up the global value chain.