基于政策工具的我国中西医协同政策文本分析

Text Analysis of Financial Compensation Policies for Public Hospitals in China from the Perspectives of Policy Tools and Regional Differences

目的分析我国中西医协同政策文本的侧重点与不足,为后续政策制定与优化提供参考。方法从政策工具视角出发,构建“政策目标-政策工具”二维分析框架,采用内容分析法对75份与中西医协同相关的政策文件进行量化分析。结果X维度中供给型政策工具运用最多(48.18%),需求型(24.09%)和环境型(27.72%)政策工具使用比例相对较少,各政策工具内部结构也存在较大差异。Y维度中推动中西医协同人才培养目标占比最高(22.56%);健全中西医协同疫病防治机制目标占比最少(4.40%)。结论未来中西医协同领域政策应提高对需求型和环境型工具的重视程度,着重优化政策工具组合,同时完善目标布局,针对薄弱环节提供必要的政策扶持,加强政策发文部门间的协作和沟通,进一步推动中西医协同政策体系的构建。

Objective It analyzes the financial compensation policies for public hospitals in China from 2009 to 2023,aiming to reveal the characteristics of policy issuance,explore the issues in the use of policy tools across different regions,and provide suggestions for policy optimization.Methods Based on the theory of policy tools,a three-dimensional analytical framework combining policy tools,policy objectives and economic regions was constructed.Content analysis was used to conduct quantitative analysis of the 223 policy texts included,resulting in 3142 valid codes.Results The number of policy documents released over time generally showed a"double-peak"pattern.In terms of the policy tool dimension,the supply-oriented,environment-oriented,and demand-oriented policy tools accounted for 50%,39.21%,and 10.79%respectively.Within the policy objective dimension,the improvement of relevant systems accounts for the highest proportion(33.16%),while subsidies for public health services are the least utilized(8.50%).In the economic regions,the eastern region has the highest number of policy documents(94),while the northeastern region has the lowest(12).The four major regional policy tools are mainly supply-oriented,and there are differences in the use of financial support,government purchase and other tools.Conclusion Relevant departments should strengthen their attention and actively innovate local policies.There is a need to optimize the internal and external structures of the three major policy tools to enhance balanced utilization.Furthermore,increased attention should be paid to the objective of compensation for public health services within policies.Financial investment in central and western regions should be further intensified.