飞行人员代谢相关指标及人体成分指标调查分析

Metabolism-related indexes and body composition indexes of aircrew

目的了解飞行人员的营养状况,探讨人体成分指标与血清代谢性指标的相关性,为指导飞行人员合理膳食和科学训练提供依据。方法对2023年7—11月在大连康复疗养中心疗养的飞行人员进行体格检查和人体成分分析,检测其血脂、空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、血尿酸(blood uric acid,BUA)及人体成分指标,进行营养状况评估,并将代谢性指标与人体成分指标进行相关性分析。结果TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、FBG、BUA及BMI、骨骼肌肉量、体脂肪量、脂肪百分比、内脏脂肪面积和腰臀比的异常检出率分别为38.46%、29.33%、20.67%、30.29%、1.44%、40.38%、50.96%、42.31%、64.90%、52.40%、34.62%和76.44%。TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、BUA与BMI、体脂肪量、脂肪百分比、内脏脂肪面积及腰臀比呈正相关(r=0.199~0.461,P均<0.01),HDL-C与体脂肪量、脂肪百分比和内脏脂肪面积呈负相关(r=-0.256、-0.251、-0.142,P均<0.05)。结论飞行人员代谢性指标及人体成分指标异常检出率较高,且二者密切相关,建议疗养机构将人体成分分析纳入体检项目,营养医师应综合分析代谢性及体成分指标,对飞行人员进行精准营养评估及膳食指导,以提高其健康水平,有效保障部队战斗力。

Objective To find out the nutritional status of aircrews and explore the correlations between blood metabolism indexes and body composition indexes in order to provide data for proper nutrition and training among aircrews.Methods During health checkups,the body composition of aircrews was measured who were recuperating between July and November in our center.The metabolism-related indexes and body composition indexes of these aircrews were collected,their nutritional status was evaluated and the correlations between those indexes were analyzed.Results The abnormal rates of those indexes were high.Total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),fasting blood glucose(FBG),blood uric acid(BUA)were positively correlated with the body mass index(BMI),body fat mass,body fat percentage,visceral fat area,and waist to hip ratio respectively(P<0.01)while high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was negatively correlated with the BMI,body fat mass,body fat percentage and visceral fat area(P<0.01).Conclusion The abnormal rates of metabolism-related indexes and body composition indexes are high.The two types of indexes are closely correlated.Body composition analysis could be included during physical examinations.Nutritionists should conduct precise nutrition assessment and dietary guidance by analyzing those indexes so as to improve the health of aircrews.