基于主动导向的构架式中低速磁浮曲线通过性能仿真

Simulation of Curve Passing Performance for Truss-Type Medium-Low Speed Maglev Based on Active Guidance

为提高磁浮车辆悬浮架的功能特性,针对悬浮架的技术一直在不断改进。以一种主动导向的构架式中低速磁浮悬浮架为研究对象,基于其导向电磁铁进行理论计算和二维、三维电磁仿真,对其磁场分布特性和变化特性进行分析,并对导向电磁铁导向力随气隙和电流变化关系进行模拟;基于拟合所得的导向力公式建立含主动导向控制的中低速磁浮车辆动力学模型,采用Simpack和Matlab等软件联合仿真其通过70 m最小半径曲线和550 m最大半径曲线的动力学响应,检验悬浮架结构的合理性和可行性。结果表明,导向电磁力的仿真数值充分考虑了电磁铁的漏磁、边缘效应和磁饱和现象,相较于理论数值更接近实际数值;基于模拟关系和仿真结果误差棒拟合所得导向电磁力公式相关参数高于0.9,符合拟合精度要求;利用拟合公式设置的导向控制系统,能够使得构架式中低速磁浮车辆以10 km/h速度顺利通过70 m最小半径曲线,以80 km/h速度顺利通过550 m最大半径曲线,悬浮间隙均不超过4 mm的标准限值,车体的横向、垂向加速度均不超过2.5 m/s2的标准限值,车辆运行平稳性指标始终不超过2.5,属于优秀级别,悬浮架结构合理。

To enhance the functional characteristics of the maglev vehicles suspension frame,continuous improvements have been made to its technology.This study focuses on an actively guided truss-type medium-low speed maglev suspension systems.Theoretical calculations and two-dimensional and three-dimensional electromagnetic simulations were conducted based on the guiding electromagnet to analyze its magnetic field distribution and variation characteristics,as well as to simulate the relationship between the guiding force of the electromagnet and changes in air gap and current.A dynamic model of a medium-low speed maglev vehicle with active guidance control was established based on the fitted guiding force formula.Using software such as Simpack and Matlab,the dynamic responses of the vehicle navigating curves with a minimum radius of 70 meters and a maximum radius of 550 meters were simulated to verify the rationality and feasibility of the levitation frame structure.Results showed that the simulated values of the guiding electromagnetic force fully considered the leakage magnetic flux,edge effects and magnetic saturation phenomena,making them closer to the actual values compared to theoretical calculations.The correlation parameters of the guiding electromagnetic force formula obtained from the simulation relationships and error bar fitting exceeded 0.9,meeting the fitting accuracy requirements.The guiding control system established using the fitted formula enabled the actively guided truss-type medium-low speed maglev vehicle to smoothly navigate the 70-meter minimum radius curve at a speed of 10 km/h and the 550-meter maximum radius curve at a speed of 80 km/h,with levitation gaps not exceeding the standard limit of 4 mm.The lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle remained within the standard limit of 2.5 m/s2,and the vehicles stability index consistently did not exceed 2.5,classifying it as excellent.The structure of levitation frame was reasonable.