铝合金表面冷喷涂不锈钢涂层性能研究

Study on the Performance of Cold Spray Stainless Steel Coatings on Aluminum Alloy Surfaces

为研究冷喷涂工艺参数对3003铝合金表面的430不锈钢涂层的性能影响,利用3种冷喷涂工艺参数在3003铝质锅具表面制备了430不锈钢导磁涂层,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉伸试验、热震试验等研究了涂层的微观形貌、结合强度以及耐冷热冲击性能。结果表明:在3003铝合金表面喷涂430不锈钢涂层,涂层氧化程度和结合强度随喷涂温度和压力的提升而升高,氧含量最高达到了0.55%(质量分数),结合强度可达到31.78 MPa,孔隙率随喷涂温度和压力的提升而降低,最低可达到1.2%,导电率在1.07~1.27 MS/m之间,在100个周期的热震试验中,结合强度从31.78 MPa降低到28.67 MPa,降低幅度较小,电导率也降低到了1.05 MS/m。提升冷喷涂温度和压力等参数,可以明显改善涂层的微观组织及结合性能,提高涂层在使用过程中的可靠性。同时也证明了冷喷涂工艺沉积的涂层具有结合强度高、孔隙率低、氧化程度小等显著特点,在锅具导磁涂层加工方面具有明显的优势。

To study the effects of cold spraying process parameters on the performance of 430 stainless steel coatings on the surface of 3003 aluminum alloy, 430 stainless steel magnetic conductive coatings were prepared on the surface of 3003 aluminum cookware using three different cold spraying process parameters. The microstructure, bonding strength and resistance to thermal shock of the coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), tensile testing and thermal shock testing. Results showed that when spraying 430 stainless steel coating on the surface of 3003 aluminum alloy, the degree of oxidation and bonding strength of coatings increased with higher spraying temperatures and pressures. The oxygen content of the coatings reached a maximum of 0.55%(mass fraction), and the bonding strength achieved a maximum of 31.78 MPa. The porosity decreased as the spraying temperature and pressure increased, reaching a minimum of 1.2%. The electrical conductivity ranged from 1.07 to 1.27 MS/m. During thermal shock testing over 100 cycles, the bonding strength decreased from 31.78 MPa to 28.67 MPa, with only a small reduction, and the electrical conductivity decreased to 1.05 MS/m. These results demonstrated that increasing cold spraying temperature and pressure significantly improved the microstructure and bonding properties of the coatings, thereby enhancing their reliability during use. Additionally, the cold-sprayed coatings exhibited excellent characteristics, including high bonding strength, low porosity and low oxidation levels, making this process highly advantageous for the production of magnetic conductive coatings on cookware.