磁共振成像在非酒精性脂肪肝的应用和研究进展

Clinical application and research of MRI in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)可导致肝脏生化指标异常,并有可能发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎,甚至肝硬化、肝癌。目前实验室生化指标诊断NAFLD多不具有特异性,临床广泛使用的超声在灵敏度及特异度方面均不高。虽然肝活检是诊断肝脏疾病的金标准,但其属于有创检查,存在多种并发症的风险。随着临床的需求以及磁共振成像技术的迅速发展,磁共振以其多参数多序列成像在诊断NAFLD方面体现出明显的优势,具有较高的准确性。本文从定性及定量两方面总结磁共振成像技术在NAFLD诊断方面的应用现状及进展。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)can lead to abnormal liver biochemical indicators and may develop into non alcoholic steatohepatitis,even cirrhosis and liver cancer.At present,most of the laboratory biochemical indicators are not specific for the diagnosis of NAFLD.Ultrasound,which is widely used in clinical practice,is not high in sensitivity and specificity.Although liver biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver diseases,it is an invasive examination and has the risk of multiple complications.With the rapid development of clinical needs and magnetic resonance imaging technology,magnetic resonance imaging has shown obvious advantages in the diagnosis of NAFLD with its multi-parameter and multi-sequence imaging,and has high accuracy.This paper summarizes the application status and progress of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of NAFLD from both qualitative and quantitative aspects.