晚年马克思两部笔记的文献选择与文体比较

Literature Selection and Stylistic Comparison of Marx’s Two Notes in His Later Years

《人类学笔记》与《历史学笔记》是马克思晚年的重要著作。马克思接续创作的这两部笔记内容互补,关联紧密,内蕴着作者深刻的文本考量。从文献选择看,《人类学笔记》是马克思与俄国人类学家柯瓦列夫斯基在频繁学术交流中的产物,其逻辑起点与核心观点是在摘录、阅读其笔记的基础上发散出去;马克思对《历史学笔记》的文献考量,坚持通史与国家史相结合,坚守人民史学立场,有策略地摘录相关文献,为后续的深入研究提供了丰富的事实依据。从文体形式看,两部笔记分别以摘要体、编年体为主要特征,充分体现了马克思史学研究的会通意识与高超的写作艺术,善于发挥不同文体表达特征以推动相关研究。

Anthropological Notes and Historical Notes were important works of Marx in his later years.The close relationship between the two notes in literature and style provides the possibility of comprehensive investigation from the perspective of literary criticism.From the perspective of literature selection,Anthropological Notes was the product of frequent academic exchanges between Marx and Russian anthropologist Kovalevsky.Its logical starting point and core point of view were based on excerpts and reading of his notes.Marx’s literature consideration of Historical Note adhered to the combination of general history and national history,adhered to the position of people’s historiography,and strategically extracted relevant literature,which provided a rich factual basis for in-depth research.From the perspective of stylistic form,the two notes were mainly characterized by abstract style and chronicle style respectively,which fully embodied the integration consciousness and superb writing art of Marx’s historical research,and was good at giving full play to the characteristics of different stylistic expressions to promote relevant research.