贵州省蜂糖李气候适宜性评价

Climate Suitability Evaluation of Prunus salicina‘Fengtang’in Guizhou Province

原产于贵州镇宁的蜂糖李具有巨大的产业价值,贵州省多地及周边省份均开展了引种种植。以蜂糖李核心产区镇宁县气候特征为基准,以气候相似距作为蜂糖李气候适宜性评价指标,展开贵州省蜂糖李气候适宜性评价。结果表明:以镇宁为基准的蜂糖李气候相似区域主要集中在镇宁周边,包括普定、六枝、晴隆、关岭、紫云、长顺和惠水7个区县;贵州东北部、东南部、南部边缘以及西北部的威宁等部分地区属于气候较差适宜区和不适宜区,气候条件不适宜开展蜂糖李引种;中部、西南部以及黔东南东北部等剩余区域与镇宁气候相似程度较高,属于蜂糖李引种的气候次适宜区,但引种时仍需开展必要考察,注意当地小气候特征。本研究筛选出贵州省内气候条件适宜种植蜂糖李的重点区域,在此基础上,应在重点区域展开蜂糖李的试种扩种试验,以减少由于盲目发展和试种而带来的经济损失。

The Prunus salicina‘Fengtang’,native to Zhenning County in Guizhou Province,has great industrial value and has been introduced and planted in many places in Guizhou Province and neighboring provinces.This study used the climate characteristics of Zhenning County,the core producing area of P.salicina‘Fengtang’as the benchmark.It used the climate similarity distance as the evaluation index to evaluate the climate suitability of P.salicina‘Fengtang’in Guizhou Province.The results revealed that:The climate-similar regions to P.salicina‘Fengtang’based on Zhenning mainly concentrated in the surrounding areas around Zhenning County,including Counties of Puding,Liuzhi,Qinglong,Guanling,Ziyun,Changshun,and Huishui.The northeastern,southeastern,southern edge and northwestern areas of Guizhou,as well as parts of Weining in the northwest,are not climate-similar regions;the central,southwestern and northeastern parts of Qiandongnan in the southeast belong to the sub-climate suitable area.But it is still necessary to conduct necessary investigation and pay attention to the local microclimate features when introducing.P.Salicina‘Fengtang’.In this work,the climate-similar key areas for planting P.salicina‘Fengtang’in Guizhou Province were selected.On this basis,trial expansion experiments should be carried out in the key areas to reduce the economic loss caused by blind development and trial planting.