加拿大多伦多大学博士生分流退出机制剖析

An Analysis of the Reassignment and Withdrawal Mechanism of PhD Students in the University of Toronto,Canada

分流退出机制是保障博士生培养质量的重要手段。加拿大的博士生分流退出机制较为完善,以加拿大多伦多大学为例,其博士生分流退出主要在招生录取、课程、资格考试或综合考试以及学位论文答辩最终口试等关键节点进行,该校基于全过程理念建构了以组织机制、运行机制和保障机制为主要内容的博士生分流退出机制,形成了较严密的管理制度。借鉴加拿大的经验,为健全博士生分流退出机制,我国高校在理念层面应正确认识分流退出的“全过程性”,运行层面要重视年度进展审查,保障层面应建立全方位的支撑服务体系。

The reassignment and withdrawal system is an important means to improve the quality of doctoral education,and the system used in Canada is comparatively perfect.With the University of Toronto as an example,the doctoral student reassignment and withdrawal in Canada occurs mainly at such key points as student admission,curriculum design,qualifying examination,comprehensive examination and final oral examination.Based on the whole process concept,this university has developed a doctoral student reassignment and withdrawal mechanism,the main contents of which are the organizational mechanism,operational mechanism,and guarantee mechanism.As a result,a comparatively rigorous management system has been formed.With reference to the Canadian experience,this paper suggests that Chinese universities should have a correct understanding of the whole process-featured reassignment and withdrawal at the conceptual level,attach importance to annual progress review at operational level,and establish a comprehensive support service system at the guarantee level,so as to improve the mechanism of reassignment and withdrawal of doctoral students in China.