个体化医学营养治疗对2型糖尿病患者血糖及血脂的影响

Effect of Individualized Medical Nutrition Therapy on Blood Glucose and Blood Lipid in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的探究2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者采用个体化医学营养治疗(medical nutrition therapy,MNT)对患者血糖及血脂的影响。方法选取2023年1月—2024年6月南方医科大学南方医院白云分院临床收治的100例T2DM患者为研究对象,以临床不同干预方式分为两组,每组50例,对照组采用常规饮食指导,研究组采用MNT治疗,比较两组患者血脂水平、血糖水平、免疫功能,营养状态。结果干预后,研究组总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。干预后,研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。干预后,研究组CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均高于对照组,CD8^(+)水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。干预后,研究组营养评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论MNT治疗在T2DM患者中,能改善患者营养状态,有效控制患者血糖及血脂水平,提高患者免疫功能,全面保障患者身心健康。

Objective To explore the effects of individualized medical nutrition therapy(MNT)on blood glucose and blood lipid in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 100 T2DM patients admitted to the Baiyun Branch of Southern Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the study objects.They were divided into two groups with 50 cases in each group according to different clinical intervention methods.The control group was given received routine diet guidance while the study group received MNT treatment.The blood lipid level,blood glucose level,immune function and nutritional status of the two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of fasting plasma glucose,2-hour postprandial plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After intervention,the level of CD4^(+)and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)in the study group were higher than those in the control group,and the level of CD8^(+)was lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After the intervention,the nutrition score of the study group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion MNT treatment in T2DM patients can improve their nutritional status,effectively control their blood glucose and lipid levels,enhance their immune function,and comprehensively safeguard their physical and mental health.