综合性护理干预对头面部带状疱疹患者皮损愈合、遗留瘢痕及神经痛的影响

Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on the Healing of Skin Lesions,Residual Scars,and Neuralgia in Patients with Herpes Zoster of the Head and Face

目的:探讨综合性护理干预对头面部带状疱疹患者皮损愈合、遗留瘢痕及神经痛的影响。方法:选取2022年1月-2023年6月笔者医院收治的160例头面部带状疱疹患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组(80例)与观察组(80例)。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予综合性护理干预。比较两组皮损愈合情况、遗留瘢痕情况与患者的创面美观满意度,分别于护理前后采用数字疼痛量表(Numerical rating scale,NRS)评价神经痛程度,采用焦虑自评量表(Self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)与抑郁自评量表(Self-rating depression scale,SDS)评价患者心理状态。结果:观察组的皮损控制时间、好转时间和愈合时间均较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05)。观察组的瘢痕遗留率明显低于对照组(P<0.05),而在创面美观满意度方面明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后1周、2周,观察组的疼痛NRS评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),且带状疱疹后遗留神经痛发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理干预2周后,观察组的SAS和SDS评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:综合性护理干预有利于促进头面部带状疱疹患者皮损愈合,减轻神经痛,改善患者心理状态,降低遗留瘢痕率并提高患者的美观满意度。

Objective To investigate the effect of comprehensive nursing interventions on the healing of skin lesions,residual scars,and neuralgia in patients with herpes zoster of the head and face.Methods 160 patients with herpes zoster of head and face admitted to the author's hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were divided into control group(n=80)and observation group(n=80)according to the random number table method.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention.The healing status of skin lesions,residual scars,and satisfaction with wound aesthetics of patients between two groups was compared.Before and after nursing,the degree of neuropathy was evaluated by the numerical rating scale(NRS),and the psychological status was evaluated by the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)Results Compared with the control group after intervention,the control time,improvement time,and healing time of the skin lesions in the observation group showed significant reduction(P<0.05).The rate of residual scars in the observation group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group(P<0.05).In terms of satisfaction with wound aesthetics,the observation group showed a significant increase compared to the control group(P<0.05).After 1 week and 2 weeks of intervention,the pain NRS score of the observation group showed significant reduction decrease compared to the control group(P<0.05),and the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).After 2 weeks of nursing intervention,the SAS and SDS scores in the observation group showed more significant decrease compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention is beneficial for promoting the healing of skin lesions in patients with herpes zoster of the head and face,which can alleviate neuralgia,improve the psychological state,reduce the rate of left scars,and improve the aesthetic satisfaction of patients.