组学与基因编辑技术在植物-线虫互作研究中的应用与进展

Applications and prospects of technologies such as omics and gene editing in plant-nematode gene interactions

植物寄生线虫系农业生产中一类重要的植物病原生物。基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、RNA干扰(RNAi)和CRISPR/Cas基因编辑等前沿科学技术的应用加深了对线虫入侵策略及植物防御响应的理解,推动了对植物-线虫互作机制的认识。本文着重介绍了组学和基因编辑技术在揭示植物-线虫基因互作中的应用,以及培育新型抗线虫作物品种的新途径。未来在植物寄生线虫的研究与管理方面应聚焦于多组学数据的综合利用、基因编辑技术的创新、生物信息学及人工智能在机理解析中的运用,以及精准农业技术在病害管理中的应用,为我国农业生产的持续健康发展提供保障。

Plant-parasitic nematodes pose a significant threat to our agriculture.Advances in genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,RNAi,and CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology have significantly improved our ability to control these pests,enhancing our understanding of their invasion tactics and the defense mechanisms of plants.This review highlights the applications of these scientific tools in revealing plant-nematode gene interactions and the new approaches to breeding resistant crops.Future research will harness multi-omics,gene editing innovations,bioinformatics,AI,and precision agriculture to advance nematode research and management,supporting the continued growth of sustainable agriculture.