四川、北京两地圈养大熊猫免疫差异研究

Study on immune differences of captive giant pandas in Sichuan and Beijing

为揭示地域因素对大熊猫免疫功能的影响,本研究对四川和北京圈养大熊猫外周血单核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cell;PBMCs)对脂多糖(LPS)免疫应答的差异进行比较.采集了在四川长期生活以及北京长期生活的圈养大熊猫血液样本并分离PBMCs,在LPS刺激后进行了转录组测序并分析差异基因表达谱.四川和北京圈养大熊猫PBMCs在LPS刺激后,共检测到5157个差异基因,其中2954个基因上调,2203个基因下调.进一步的基因本体(GO)富集和KEGG通路分析显示,北京圈养大熊猫中上调的基因主要富集于免疫系统进程、免疫反应、对压力的反应及天然免疫反应等,并显著富集于Toll样受体信号通路、NF-kappa B信号通路及Th17细胞分化等KEGG通路,表明北京大熊猫在LPS刺激下具有更强的免疫应答潜能.此外,蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络分析揭示了TLR4在北京圈养大熊猫上调基因蛋白网络的枢纽作用.北京圈养大熊猫PBMCs在LPS刺激后,多个与免疫应答密切相关的基因家族(如白细胞介素、趋化因子、干扰素诱导基因及NFKB2等)表达显著上调,而四川大熊猫中仅IL-18和IL2表达较高.

To explore the influence of regional factors on the immune function of giant pandas,this study compared the immune responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)from captive giant pandas in Sichuan and Beijing to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)stimulation.Blood samples from giant pandas living longterm in Sichuan and Beijing were collected,and PBMCs were isolated.Transcriptome sequencing was per⁃formed after LPS stimulation to analyze differential gene expression profiles.A total of 5157 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were detected in PBMCs from both Sichuan and Beijing following LPS stimulation,of which 2954 genes were upregulated and 2203 genes were downregulated.Further Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis revealed that the up⁃regulated genes in Beijing pandas were mainly enriched in immune system processes,immune responses,re⁃sponses to stress,innate immune responses,and significantly enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling path⁃way,NF-kappa B signaling pathway,and Th17 cell differentiation pathway,indicating that Beijing giant pan⁃das prosess stronger immune response potential under LPS stimulation.Additionally,protein-protein interac⁃tion network analysis revealed the pivotal role of TLR4 in the upregulated gene protein network of in Beijing pandas.After LPS stimulation,multiple gene families closely related to immune response(e.g.,interleu⁃kins,chemokines,interferon-induced genes,and NFKB2)were significantly upregulated in PBMCs in Bei⁃jing pandas,whereas only IL-18 and IL2 showed higher expression in Sichuan giant pandas.