CRISPR-Cas12a系统及其在家禽病原检测中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on CRISPR-Cas12a System and Its Application in Detecting Poultry Pathogen

病原微生物是影响家禽健康的重要因素之一,严重阻碍了家禽养殖业的快速发展,因而开发快速高效的病原检测方法对于家禽疫病的有效预防和控制具有十分重要的意义。CRISPR-Cas12a是一门新兴的基因编辑工具,具有高度的特异性、敏感性以及操作简便等优点,通过与聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、等温核酸扩增(LAMP)、重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)、重组酶介导等温扩增(RAA)等方法相结合,可大大提高检测效率及准确性,通过使用荧光信号、侧向层析试纸条等技术,还可使检测结果可视化,在病原检测中发挥了重大作用。本文综述了CRISPR-Cas12a系统作用机制及其结合多种核酸扩增技术在家禽病原检测中的应用研究进展,以期为家禽疫病的诊断和防控提供参考,为未来开发更有效的检测平台奠定基础。

The pathogenic microorganism is one of major factors affecting poultry health,seriously hindering poultry farming from rapidly growing,indicating a great significance to develop a rapid and efficient pathogen detection method for effective prevention and control of poultry diseases.CRISPR-Cas12a is an emerging gene-editing tool with high specificity,sensitivity and accessibility,which could greatly improve efficiency and accuracy of detection in combination with polymerase chain reaction(PCR),loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP),recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA),recombinase-aided amplification(RAA)and other methods,and visualize test results using fluorescent signals,lateral chromatography strips and other techniques,playing an important role in pathogen detection.In the study,research progress on the action mechanism of CRISPR-Cas12a system and its application in poultry pathogen detection in combination with various nucleic acid amplification techniques,with a view to providing a reference for future diagnosis,prevention and control of poultry diseases,and laying a foundation for future development of a more effective detection platform.