关于腭裂语音障碍和功能性语音障碍儿童社会能力的横断面研究

A cross⁃sectional study on social competence in children with speech sound disorders after cleft palate operation and functional speech sound disorders

目的了解腭裂语音障碍和功能性语音障碍的学龄期儿童社会能力水平。方法选取2023年在儿童语言障碍诊疗特色专科就诊的34名学龄期腭裂术后语音障碍儿童和37名学龄期功能性语音障碍儿童,同时随机选取本地某小学32名年龄、性别与之相匹配的正常儿童作为正常组。采用Achenbach儿童行为量表评估三组儿童的社会能力并进行横断面研究。结果腭裂语音障碍和功能性语音障碍儿童的活动能力、社交能力及学校情况得分均较低,不同性别群体中具体表现不同,但两组组间得分无显著差异。而功能性语音障碍儿童的活动能力、社交能力得分显著低于正常组得分(P<0.05)。结论学龄期腭裂语音障碍和功能性语音障碍儿童社会功能出现困难的风险较高,具体表现在活动能力、社交能力和学校情况上,而语音障碍可能是造成这种困难的重要影响因素之一,且腭裂并不会对儿童的社会能力水平造成额外的影响。

Objective To find out the social competence level of school⁃age children with speech sound disorders after cleft palate operation and functional speech sound disorders.Methods Thirty⁃four school⁃age children with postoperative cleft palate speech sound disorders and thirty⁃seven school⁃age children with functional speech sound disorders attending a specialty clinic for the diagnosis and treatment of childhood speech and language disorders in 2023 were selected,and 32 age⁃and gender⁃matched normal children in a local elementary school were also randomly selected as the normal group.The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist was used to assess the social competence of the three groups of children and a cross⁃sectional study was conducted.Results Children with cleft palate speech sound disorders and functional speech sound disorders had lower scores on activity,communication and academic ability,with specific manifestations varying in different gender groups,but there was no significant difference in scores between the two groups.In contrast,the activity and communication scores of the functional speech sound disordergroup were significantly lower than those of the normal group(P<0.05).Conclusion School⁃age children with cleft palate speech sound disorders and functional speech sound disorders are at a higher risk of difficulties in social functioning,in terms of activity,communication and academic ability,whereas speech sound disorders may be one of the most important influencing factors of such difficulties and cleft palate does not have an additional impact on the social competence level of the child.