乳腺癌患者生活质量现状及潜在剖面分析

Status and latent profile analysis of quality of life of breast cancer patients

目的探讨乳腺癌患者生活质量潜在剖面类别,分析不同类别患者的影响因素。方法选择2022-09-01-2023-03-31山东大学第二医院乳腺外科接受治疗的273例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、疾病恐惧进展简化量表(Fo P-Q-SF)、中文版失志量表(DS-MV)、乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)对乳腺癌患者生活质量进行潜在剖面分析,并通过单因素分析和多元logistic回归探索分析其影响因素。结果潜在剖面分析结果显示,乳腺癌患者生活质量可划分为3个潜在类别,生活质量良好组(n=128,45.9%)、社会家庭功能较差组(n=94,34.4%)和生活质量较差组(n=51,18.7%)。单因素分析结果显示,生活质量各潜在类别在婚姻(χ^(2)=10.865,P=0.003)、受教育程度(χ^(2)=10.411,P=0.034)、家庭月收入(χ^(2)=12.933,P=0.012)、DS-MV综合征得分(F=91.417,P<0.001)和Fo P-Q-SF得分(F=52.366,P<0.001)的差异有统计学意义。3个类别患者的Fo P-Q-SF总分及各维度得分和DS-MV总分及各维度得分比较,差异有统计学意义,均P<0.001。多元logistic回归分析结果显示,失志综合征和癌症复发恐惧是社会家庭功能较差组(OR=1.056,95%CI为1.014~1.099,P=0.009;OR=1.096,95%CI为1.062~1.131,P<0.001)和生活质量较差组(OR=1.171,95%CI为1.099~1.247,P<0.001;OR=1.164,95%CI为1.111~1.129,P<0.001)的独立危险因素,得分越高,相对于生活质量良好组归属于社会家庭功能较差组和生活质量较差组的概率越大。结论乳腺癌患者生活质量具有不同的分类特征,可根据不同类别制定针对性干预措施,降低其失志综合征和癌症复发恐惧水平,进而改善生活质量。

Objective To explore the potential profile categories of quality of life of breast cancer patients and analyze the influencing factors of different categories of patients.Methods A total of 273 breast cancer patients treated in the Depart-ment of Breast Surgery at Second Hospital of Shandong University were selected from September 2022 to March 2023 by convenience sampling method as the research subjects The general information questionnaire,fear of progression question-naire short form(Fo P-Q-SF),demoralization scale mandarin version(DS-MV),and functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast cancer(FACT-B)were used to conduct latent profile analysis on the quality of life of breast cancer pa-tients.Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were used to explore and analyze the influencing factors.Results The results of potential profile analysis showed that the quality of life of breast cancer patients could be divided into three potential categories:good quality of life group(n=128,45.9%),poor social and family functioning group(n=94,34.4%)and poor quality of life group(n=51,18.7%).The results of the univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in marital status(χ^(2)=10.865,P=0.003),education level(χ^(2)=10.411,P=0.034),monthly family income(χ^(2)=12.933,P=0.012),DS-MV syndrome score(F=91.417,P<0.001),and Fo P-Q-SF score(F=52.366,P<0.001)among the different potential categories of quality of life.The total scores and dimensions of Fo P-Q-SF and DS-MV for three categories of patients were compared,and the differences were statistically significant with all P<0.001.The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that demoralization syndrome and fear of cancer recurrence were independent risk factors for the poor social and family function group(OR=1.056,95%CI was 1.014-1.099,P=0.009;OR=1.096,95%CI was 1.062-1.131,P<0.001)and the group with po0r quality of life(OR=1.171,95%CI was 1.099-1.247,P<0.001;OR=1.164,95%CI was 1.111-1.129,P<0.001).The higher the score,the greater the probability of belonging to the group with poor social and family functioning and the group with poor quality of life compared to the group with good quality of life.Conclusion The quality of life of breast cancer patients has different categorical characteristics,and targeted interventions can be developed according to the different categories to reduce the level of demoralization syndrome and fear of cancer recurrence and thus improve the quality of life.