数字贸易规则如何影响制造业数字化

How Do Digital Trade Rules Affect Manufacturing Digitalization

本文利用TAPED和经济合作与发展组织数据库的数据测算数字贸易规则的广度和深度及制造业数字化水平,并在此基础上考察一国签订区域贸易协定数字贸易规则对制造业数字化的影响效应。研究结果表明:一国签订区域贸易协定数字贸易规则能显著提升该国制造业数字化水平,数字要素跨境流动和数字监管环境是其中重要的影响渠道;异质性分析显示,数字贸易规则对制造业数字化的影响作用存在显著差异,数据相关条款对制造业数字化水平的提升作用显著强于电子商务条款和数字知识产权相关条款;中高收入和高收入国家制造业数字化水平的提升显著高于中低收入国家;数字贸易规则能够显著促进不同技术水平制造业的数字化水平,对高技术制造业的促进作用最大;数字贸易规则深度对规则约束力较强经济体的制造业数字化的边际提升效果更突出;数字贸易规则的深度和广度对数字贸易发展水平较低经济体的制造业数字化的促进作用更明显。本研究为充分发挥数字贸易规则在促进制造业数字化转型中的作用提出了政策参考。

This paper examines the impact of digital trade rules in regional trade agreements on the digitalization level of manufacturing in a specific economy.It measures the width and depth of digital trade rules and the digitalization level of manufacturing using data from the TAPED and OECD databases.We conclude that digital trade rules enhance the digitalization of manufacturing.Cross-border mobility of digital factors and the regulatory environment for digital supervision are key mechanisms.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the effects vary across different dimensions.The effect of data-related provisions is stronger than that of e-commerce and digital intellectual property rights.The impact on middle-high and high-income economies is more significant than that on middle-low-income economies.The effect on high-tech manufacturing is the most notable.In economies with more binding digital trade rules,the depth of these rules has a more pronounced effect.In countries with less developed digital trade,both the depth and width of rules contribute to improving the digitalization of manufacturing.This study provides policy references for digital trade rules in promoting the digitalization of manufacturing.