对上海城市轨道交通网络规划中环线和快线的思考

Reflection on the Circle Line and Express Line in Shanghai Urban Rail Transit Network Planning

[目的]《上海市城市总体规划(2017—2035年)》实施以来,随着上海五个新城(嘉定、青浦、松江、奉贤、南汇)发展和长三角一体化上升为国家战略,上海城市轨道交通规划网络也在进一步调整中,其中快线和环线是重点讨论的内容,需研究环线和快线的功能规划、客流特征及规划原则。[方法]利用既有的城市轨道交通线路客流数据,分析环线和快线的客流特征和功能;对照环线和快线以往的研究结论和运营现状实际,总结环线和快线规划的经验。基于新时期城市发展规划的要求,分析既有规划中环线和快线的不足,提出新一轮规划调整中环线、快线的功能要求和规划原则。[结果及结论]环线承担的客流分为沿线服务、过境客流和本线到发客流三个类别,相应的环线可发挥此三种功能。在既有上海轨道交通4号线作为环线之外,可规划第二环线以满足沿线客流集散的需求。建议第二环线位置可利用规划中的上海轨道交通26号线,在中外环道路之间,尽可能靠近中环线的区域较为适宜。应进一步加强郊区到中心城区的快线规划,快线进入中心城区线网有直通入网和枢纽入网两种形式,枢纽入网要求该枢纽车站进入中心城区线网的便捷性高,直通入网造价较高。快线乘行时间视新城和中心城区联系紧密程度,来选择相应的指标计算方法。

[Objective]Since the implementation of the Shanghai Master Plan(2017-2035),with the development of five new Shanghai towns(Jiading,Qingpu,Songjiang,Fengxian,and Nanhui)and the Yangtze River Delta integration ascending to national strategies,Shanghai urban rail transit planning network is also undergoing further adjustments.Among them,circle lines and express lines(shorten as circle/express lines)are the focus of discussion,and it is necessary to study the functional planning,passenger flow characteristics and planning principles of circle/express lines.[Method]Using the passenger flow data of existing urban rail transit lines,the characteristics and functions of circle/express lines passenger flow are analyzed;by comparing the previous research conclusions and actual operation status of circle/express lines,the planning experience of circle/express lines is summarized.Based on the urban development plan requirements in the new era,the shortcomings of circle/express lines in the existing plan are analyzed,and the functional requirements and planning principles of them in the new round of plan adjustments are proposed.[Result&Conclusion]The passenger flow carried by the circle line is divided into three categories:passenger flow along line service range,transit passenger flow and arrival/departure passenger flow of the line.The corresponding circle line can play service functions for the above three scenarios.In addition to the existing circle line—Shanghai Rail Transit Line 4,the second circle line can be planned to meet the needs of passenger flow distribution along the line.It is recommended that the second circle line can be located between the middle and outer ring roads,making use of the planned Shanghai Rail Transit Line 26,and better closer to the middle ring line.The planning of express lines from suburbs to central urban area should be further strengthened.There are direct access and hub access two forms of express lines entering the central urban area network.Hub access requires highly convenient hub station for this purpose,while direct access to the network features relatively high cost.The corresponding indicator calculation method of express line travel time may be selected based on the connection closeness degree between new towns and the central urban area.