都市圈轨道交通分区票制适应性研究

Research on Adaptability of Zoning Fare System in Metropolitan Area Rail Transit

[目的]分区票制在欧洲轨道交通系统中有着较为普遍的应用,但在我国诸多已经运营轨道交通的城市中尚未有实践。随着我国城市轨道交通的快速建设,轨道上都市圈的加速形成,需对分区票制的特点进行分析、对分区票制在我国城市及都市圈轨道交通的适应性进行深入探讨。[方法]经调研国外城市分区票制票价的应用案例,总结分区票制实践特点,以广州都市圈轨道交通网络为例,提出分区票制票价方案设想,并以计程票制票价为参照,从分区方案划定、计价路径设定、票价规则制定、票价公平性及票务保障能力等方面,综合探讨分区票制在我国城市及都市圈轨道交通的适应性。[结果及结论]探讨研究的结果表明,都市圈轨道交通实施分区票制,可鼓励区内多次无缝换乘,有利于都市圈轨道交通票制票价的一体化发展,但在分区边缘的设定、票价规则(基础票价及跨区票价)的制定等方面存在较大难度,且分区票制对区域的土地利用形态存在要求,并可能降低企业票款的保障能力、改变城市轨道交通的计价标准。

[Objective]The zoning fare system is widely used in European rail transit systems,but has not yet been put into practice in many Chinese cities with rail transit operation.Following the rapid urban rail transit construction in China and the accelerated formation of metropolitan areas on rails,it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the zoning fare system and conduct in-depth discussions on above system adaptability in urban and metropolitan area rail transit of China.[Method]After investigating the application cases of zoning fare system prices in foreign cities,the practical characteristics of this system are summarized.Taking the Guangzhou metropolitan area rail transit network as an example,a zoning fare system price scheme is proposed.Taking the price of metered fare structure as a reference,the adaptability of zoning fare system in urban and metropolitan area rail transit of China is comprehensively discussed from the aspects of zone scheme demarcation,pricing path setting,fare rule formulation,fare fairness and ticket guarantee capability.[Result&Conclusion]The results of the research show that the implementation of zoning fare system for metropolitan area rail transit can encourage multiple seamless transfers within the zone,this will be conducive to the integration development of the fare structure and price for metropolitan area rail transit.However,there are great difficulties in zone edges setting and fare rules(basic fares and cross-zone fares)formulating.The zoning fare system also has requirements for the land use form of the region,and may reduce the company′s ability to guarantee fare revenue and change the pricing standards of urban rail transit.