生物炭配施对圆齿野鸦椿生长及生理指标的影响

Effects of Biochar Application on Growth and Physiological Indexes of Euscaphis konishii Hayata

为研究不同生物炭、氮、磷、钾及微肥配比施肥对圆齿野鸦椿幼树生长与生理指标的影响,探寻适合圆齿野鸦椿生长的生物炭施肥配比,本研究采用L18(35)正交试验设计,选取4年生圆齿野鸦椿幼树进行施肥处理,设空白对照组(CK),共19个处理。结果表明:在生长指标方面,T12处理的综合指标最优,胸径、树高、冠幅相对增长量分别是CK的2.2倍、2.4倍、1.4倍。在生理指标方面,T17处理的圆齿野鸦椿叶片可溶性蛋白含量、SPAD值、SOD活性均为最高,分别是CK的1.4倍、1.2倍、1.6倍;T18处理的可溶性糖含量最高,是CK的1.4倍;T13处理的CAT、POD活性最高,分别是CK的3.9倍、2.1倍;T6处理的MDA含量最低,相比CK降低了8.2倍。极差分析表明,施用生物炭对圆齿野鸦椿可溶性蛋白含量、SPAD值、胸径与树高相对增长量影响较大,且低水平处理更有利于圆齿野鸦椿的生长,以及叶片可溶性蛋白含量与SPAD值的提高。生物炭配比施肥处理对4年生圆齿野鸦椿幼树的生长均有促进作用,且有效改善了圆齿野鸦椿叶片的生理指标,在本试验条件下,施用生物炭60 g/株+N肥65 g/株+P肥71.4 g/株+K肥33 g/株+稀释2000倍微肥时圆齿野鸦椿幼树的生长效果最佳。

To study the effects of different ratios of biochar,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and micro-fertilizers on the growth and physiological indicators of Euscaphis konishii Hayata saplings,the suitable ratio of biochar for E.konishii Hayata growth was explored.The experiment adpots the L18(35)orthogonal test design,and selects 4-year-old E.konishii Hayata biloba saplings for fertilization,and set up a blank control group(CK)with a total of 19 treatments.The results indicate that:in terms of growth indicators,the comprehensive index of T12 treatment was the best,and the relative growth of DBH,tree height,and crown width were 2.2 times,2.4 times,and 1.4 times that of CK,respectively.In terms of physiological indicators,the soluble protein content,SPAD value and SOD activity of E.konishii Hayata leaves treated with T17 were the highest,which were 1.4 times,1.2 times,and 1.6 times that of CK,respectively;T18 treatment has the highest soluble sugar content,which is 1.4 times that of CK;T13 treatment has the highest activity of biological CAT and POD,which are 3.9 times and 2.1 times that of CK,respectively;T6 treatment has the lowest MDA content,which is 8.2 times lower than CK.Range analysis showed that the application of biochar has a greater impact on the soluble protein content,SPAD value,DBH and relative growth of the tree height,and low-level treatment is more conducive to the growth and leaf solubility of increase in protein content and SPAD value.The biochar ratio fertilization treatment has a promoting effect on the growth of the 4-year-old E.konishii Hayata saplings,and effectively improved the physiological indicators of the E.konishii Hayata leaves.Under the test conditions,the application of biochar 60 g/plant+N fertilizer 65 g/plant+P fertilizer 71.4 g/plant+K fertilizer 33 g/plant+diluted 2000 times micro-fertilizer has the best growth effect of young E.konishii Hayata trees.