北京明代帝陵神功圣德碑碑座形态研究

Research on the Form of Shengong Shengde tablet in the Imperial Tombs of Ming Dynasty in Beijing

神功圣德碑是明清皇家陵寝中具有瞻仰性质的礼制构筑物,旨在歌颂皇帝的功德。作为帝陵空间序列的关键节点,神功圣德碑呈现与包涵了独特的历史信息及价值。本文以北京明代帝陵中的神功圣德碑碑座为主要研究对象,采用贴近摄影和3d激光扫描的测绘调查技术记录碑座的三维数据,对碑座的形态、题材和雕刻技艺等方面进行了比较研究,并梳理了其历史源流,概括了其形态特征的演变规律,揭示了神功圣德碑在明代陵寝文化中的重要地位及其独特的艺术价值。

The Stele of Divine Merit and Sage Virtue is a ritual architectural structure of admiration in the imperial mausoleums of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,aiming to eulogize the emperor's virtues and achievements.As a crucial node in the spatial sequence of imperial mausoleums,the Stele of Divine Merit and Sage Virtue presents and encompasses unique historical information and values.This paper takes the pedestal of the Stele of Divine Merit and Sage Virtue in the Ming imperial mausoleums in Beijing as the main research object,employs mapping and surveying techniques such as close-range photography and 3D laser scanning to record the three-dimensional data of the pedestal,conducts comparative studies on aspects such as its form,theme,and carving techniques,sorts out its historical origin,summarizes the evolution law of its form characteristics,and reveals the significant position and unique artistic value of the Stele of Divine Merit and Sage Virtue in the Ming imperial mausoleum culture.