故宫南薰殿明代彩画装饰艺术考略——以脊檩、藻井、井口天花、梁枋彩画为核心

A Brief Study of the Ming Dynasty Colored Painting Decoration Art in the Nanxun Hall of the Palace Museum--Taking ColoredPaintings of Spine Purlins,Caisson,Ceiling,and Beams as Examples

北京故宫南薰殿建于明代,从木构到内檐色彩装饰均体现了明早中期特征,其彩画可视为明代紫禁城高等级金琢墨石碾玉彩画的典型例证,也是明代建筑单体彩画保存完整者。本文在梳理南薰殿建筑功能的基础上,通过参照其他明代建筑色彩装饰档案文献及实物案例,探讨了南薰殿彩画在明代彩画中的等级序列。并对顶棚以上脊檩,顶棚以下藻井、井口天花、梁枋彩画,从构图、纹饰、工艺等角度进行论述,发现顶部空间各装饰元素细节互相呼应,尤其是代表皇权至上的龙纹在各构件间彼此的关联,作为明代宫廷文化的特殊见证,均显示出这座建筑与皇权紧密联系的特征。

The Nanxun Hall of the Forbidden City in Beijing was built in the Ming dynasty,and the color decoration from the wooden structure to the inner cornices reflects the characteristics of the early Ming dynasty,it is also the most complete preservation of Ming dynasty architectural single color painting.On the basis of combing the architectural function of Nanxun Hall,this paper discusses the rank sequence of Nanxun Hall color painting in Ming dynasty color painting by referring to other Ming dynasty color decoration archives and real cases.The paper also discusses the ridge purlin above the ceiling and the colorful paintings of alga well,ceiling and Liang Fang below the ceiling from the angles of modeling,decoration and technology,and finds that the details of the decorative elements in the top space correspond with each other,as a special witness of the palace culture of Ming dynasty,the dragon pattern,which represents the supremacy of imperial power,shows the close relationship between the building and imperial power.