摘要
铁路沿线是人类和自然之间相互作用的重要生态交错区,铁路的不断延伸改变了非人类物种的自然环境,并且对它们的声环境产生了显著影响。考虑铁路噪声源强特性及地形地貌特征,基于CadnaA噪声仿真平台,建立铁路列车噪声传播预测模型,分析铁路噪声在沿线区域的传播规律、影响范围和频谱分布特性。基于掩蔽效应理论和临界比率,研究铁路噪声对鸟类声信号传播的掩蔽程度,并构建考虑多个因素影响下鸟类通信距离计算模型,计算并分析了鸟类探测、区分、识别、舒适交流四种听觉行为的最大传播距离。计算结果显示:铁路噪声在很大程度上会影响鸟类声信号的传播,鸟类各种听觉行为的传播距离明显减少。相关研究结果可为铁路工程的生态影响、生物声学研究及环保设计提供指导和参考。
The ecological interaction between human and nature along the railway is important.The continuous extension of the railway has changed the natural environment of non⁃human species and had a significant impact on their acoustic environment.Considering the strong characteristics of railway noise and the characteristics of topography and geomorphology,a prediction model of railway train noise propagation was established to analyze the propagation law,influence range and spectrum distribution characteristics of railway noise along the railway based on the CadnaA noise simulation platform.Based on the theory of masking effect and the critical ratio,the masking degree of railway noise on the propagation of bird acoustic signals was studied,and a calculation model of bird communication distance was constructed under the influence of multiple factors.The maximum propagation distance of four auditory behaviors of bird detection,discrimination,recognition and comfortable communication was calculated and analyzed.The calculation results showed that the railway noise affected the propagation of bird acoustic signals to a large extent,and the propagation distance of various auditory behaviors of birds decreased significantly.The relevant results can provide guidance and reference for the ecological impact of railway engineering,bioacoustics research and environmental protection design.
作者
王熠
肖新标
韩健
徐圣辉
金学松
WANG Yi;XIAO Xinbiao;HAN Jian;XU Shenghui;JIN Xuesong(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第22期10247-10257,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1934203)
浙江省交通投资集团有限公司智慧交通研究分公司科技计划(202205)。
关键词
铁路噪声
鸟类声环境
生物声学
通信距离
听觉行为
railway noise
bird acoustic environment
bioacoustics
communication distance
auditory behavior