近现代宁波幼儿教育发展史研究

Research on the Development History of Early Childhood Education in Modern Ningbo

以历史唯物主义方法论为指导思想,从现代教育视角分析宁波近现代幼儿教育发展的四个不同时期及其特征。1844年开埠之前的慈善时期:宁波各属县开办以育婴堂为主的儿童福利机构;1844—1922年的萌芽时期:萌芽前期主要表现为被动地引进幼儿园这一幼教机构,后期则以积极主动地模仿幼儿园为特征;1922—1949年的本土化探索时期:宁波各幼稚园摒弃机械式模仿,结合本土情况开办幼稚园;1949年之后的社会主义时期:幼教事业凸显为劳动人民服务的特征。

Based on the historical materialism methodology,this paper analyzes four different periods and their characteristics of the development of modern early childhood education in Ningbo.The first period is the philanthropic period before the opening of the port in 1844.In that time,all counties in Ningbo set up child welfare institutions with nurseries as the mainstay.The second period is the embryonic period of 1844-1922.In the early stage of germination,it is mainly manifested in the passive introduction of kindergartens,and in the later stage,it is characterized by active imitation of kindergartens.The third period is the localization exploration period of 1922-1949.kindergartens in Ningbo abandoned mechanical imitation and opened kindergartens based on local conditions.The last period is the socialist period after 1949.Preschool education highlighted the characteristics of serving the working people.