不同播期、种植密度对华麦11农艺性状、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Different Sowing Dates and Planting Densities on Agronomic Traits,Yield and Quality of Huamai 11

以春性中熟型优质强筋小麦品种华麦11为试验材料,探究了不同播种时期和种植密度对其农艺性状、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:华麦11的农艺性状、产量和品质均受播期和种植密度的影响,随着播期的推迟,华麦11的生育进程发生了不同程度的延迟,全生育期明显缩短;随着播期的推迟和种植密度的增大,小麦的株高降低,但成穗率、穗粒数、千粒重及产量则呈下降趋势。小麦的籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、稳定时间随着播期的推迟而逐渐增加,沉降值呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,籽粒出粉率则逐渐降低,吸水率受播期推迟的影响较小;种植密度的变化对小麦籽粒品质无显著影响。鉴于此,本地区华麦11的适宜播期为10月25日—11月8日,适宜种植密度为225~375万株/hm^(2)。

Huamai 11,a spring medium-maturity high-quality gluten wheat variety,was used as the test variety to study the effects of different sowing dates and planting densities on its agronomic traits,yield and quality.The results showed that the agronomic traits,yield and quality of Hwamai 11 were affected by sowing date and planting density.With the delay of sowing date,the growth process of Huamai 11 was delayed to different degrees,and whole growth period was shortened significantly.The plant height decreased with the delay of sowing period and the increase of planting density,but the spike rate,the number of kernels per spike,and the thousand kernel weight and the yield showed a decreasing trend.The seed protein,the content of wet gluten,and the stable time increased with the delay of sowing period,and the sedimentation value increased first and then decreased.The seed flour yield gradually decreased with the delay of sowing date,and the water absorption rate was less affected by the delay of sowing date.The change of planting density did not have a significant effect on the quality of seeds.Under the conditions of this experiment,the suitable sowing period of Huamai 11 in this region is from 25 October to 8 November,and the plantng density is 2.25~3.75 million plants/hm^(2).