胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的临床应用及围术期研究进展

Advances in clinical application and perioperative studies of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists

胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists,GLP-1RA)在控制2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者的血糖水平及减轻肥胖患者体质量方面具有重要治疗地位。通过作用于分布于全身的GLP-1R,该药对人体其他重要系统也可产生一定影响,如可减少心血管事件发生率、延缓慢性肾脏病进展、增加消化系统不良事件发生风险等。随着该药物使用人群的不断增加,患者可能出现胃排空延迟、返流及误吸等围术期不良事件,需引起临床重视。本文针对该类药物的药理学特点及其围术期相关研究综述如下。

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)have an important therapeutic role in controlling blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and reducing body weight in obese patients.Recent studies have showed that by acting on GLP-1R distributed throughout the body,the drug may also have some effect on other important systems of the body,such as reducing the incidence of cardiovascular events,delaying the progression of chronic kidney disease,and increasing the risk of adverse events in the digestive system.As the use of this drug increase in the population,the potential for patients to experience an increase in perioperative adverse events such as delayed gastric emptying and the occurrence of reflux aspiration needs to be emphasized.This article summarizes the pharmacological characteristics of these drugs and their perioperative studies as follows.