无线超宽带通信技术星载应用研究

Research on Satellite Application of Wireless Ultra-wideband Communication Technology

采用无线通信实现电气互连可以有效缓解星上电缆布局难、维护难、更改难等问题。相比窄带连续波无线通信,超宽带通信技术具有功率谱密度低、信号分辨率高、频谱共存能力强、信道容量大、复杂度低等特点,具有较好的应用前景。欧洲Eu:CROPIS卫星、日本ETS-9卫星、国际空间站哥伦布实验舱等已经开展了无线超宽带通信的应用研究和演示验证。针对星上高可靠、低时延、可扩展无线组网需求,分析了多跳分簇网络拓扑、无线信号传输模型、无线传输电磁干扰模型、高精度时间同步、灵活组网与可靠传输等关键技术和解决途径,形成适用于星上无线传输的通信技术体制和解决方案,为卫星少缆化、无缆化通信奠定技术基础。

The method of employing wireless communications for electrical interconnections can effectively alleviate the problems,such as difficult cable layout,maintenance,and modification on satellites.Compared with narrowband continuous wave wireless communication,ultra-wideband communication technology has characteristics of low power spectral density,high signal resolution,strong spectrum coexistence ability,large channel capacity,low complexity,etc.,and has better application prospects.The European Eu:CROPIS satellite,the Japan ETS-9 satellite,the Columbus laboratory module of the International Space Station,etc.have carried out research and demonstration verification of wireless ultra-wideband communication applications.In response to the requirements of high reliability,low latency,and scalable wireless networking on satellites,this paper analyzes the key technologies and solutions such as multi-hop clustering network topology,wireless signal transmission model,wireless transmission electromagnetic interference model,highprecision time synchronization,flexible networking and reliable transmission,and forms a communication technology system and solution suitable for satellite wireless transmission,laying the technical foundation for satellite less cable and no cable communication.