灰羽与白羽右江鹅羽色转录组差异初探

Analysis of differences in transcriptome profile and growth between grey and white plumage Youjiang geese

旨在探索广西特有的优良地方品种右江鹅白羽和灰羽颜色的分子机制。试验采用转录组测序(RNA-seq)技术比较白羽和灰羽右江鹅的毛囊组织转录组差异,通过DESeq2软件分析两组样品的基因表达差异,使用clusterProfiler R软件包进行基因本体(GO)功能注释和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。结果:共有275个基因在白羽和灰羽组中差异表达,候选基因包括酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1(TYRP1)、酪氨酸酶(TYR)、瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族M成员1(TRPM1)、转化生长因子β受体2(TGFBR2)、性别决定区域Y盒蛋白5基因(SOX5)、磷脂酶Cβ2(PLCB2)、黑素亲和素(MLPH)、黑色素A(MLANA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶3(GPX3)和B型内皮素受体2(EDNRB2);GO分析显示差异基因主要富集于G蛋白偶联受体信号通路、生长相关通路以及有机磷分解代谢过程;KEGG分析表明,差异基因主要集中在过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)信号通路、甘油脂质代谢和谷胱甘肽代谢等通路。试验结果为进一步研究基于羽色筛选右江鹅遗传选育提供一定的理论支持。

The aim of this study was to explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying the different plumage colors(white and gray)of Youjiang geese,an excellent local species endemic to Guangxi Province.The experiment used transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)tech⁃nology to collect and compare the transcriptome differences in the hair follicles of white-and gray-feathered Youjiang geese.The analysis of differential expressions in both groups was conducted using the DESeq2 R package.The clusterProfiler R package was used to test the statisti⁃cal enrichment of DEGs in KEGG pathways and GO terms.The results showed that a total of 275 genes were differentially expressed in the white and grey feathered groups,and the candidate genes included TYRP1,TYR,TRPM1,TGFBR2,SOX5,PLCB2,MLPH,MLANA,GPX3 and EDNRB2.The GO functional analysis revealed that GO terms were mainly involved in the G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway term,growth term,and organophosphate catabolic process term.The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differential genes were mainly concentrated in the PPAR signaling pathway,glycerolipid metabolism,and glutathione metabolism.This study provides preliminary ideas and theoretical support for further research on the genetic breeding of Youjiang geese based on their different plumage col⁃ors.