普速铁路控制网测量技术方法探讨

Approach of Measurement Technology for Control Network of Normal Speed Railway

为改善普速铁路有砟轨道长期运营后容易变形、损坏,线位逐年变化导致维修难度和维修成本增高等难题,对引入坐标控制的相关可行性方案进行探讨,并对测量费用、测量精度、测量效率及技术前景等进行分析。研究表明:直接引入高速铁路CPⅢ控制网测量方法,必将导致精度有余而效率不足等适用性问题。基于全站仪免置平测量的三维平差技术对控制网进行整体施测和整体平差,为控制网测量与线路测量合二为一创造了条件,数据资源利用率大幅提高,有利于测量效率的提升;避开了高程异常的解算,为高程测量精度的提高另辟蹊径;为全站仪工程测量坐标系统、卫星测量地心坐标系统的统一提供一种新的思路和方法。因此,不宜直接引入高速铁路CPⅢ控制网测量方法,而基于全站仪免置平测量的三维平差技术与方法在诸多方面都具有良好特性和应用前景,值得研究和推广。

In order to improve the problems of deformation and damage for normal speed ballasted railways,as well as the increasing difficulty and cost of maintenance caused by the changing line positions year by year,the feasible solutions for introducing coordinates control was explored.By analyzing cost,measurement accuracy,measurement efficiency,and technological prospects,directly introducing the high-speed railway CPIII control network measurement method will inevitably lead to applicability issues such as excess accuracy and insufficient efficiency.The three-dimensional adjustment technology based on total station without leveling measurement was used for overall measurement and adjustment of the control network,creating conditions for the integration of control network measurement and line measurement.The utilization rate of data resources was greatly improved,which was conducive to improving measurement efficiency.The calculation of elevation anomalies was avoided and a new path for improving the accuracy of elevation measurement was opened up.It provides a new approach and method for the unification of total station engineering measurement coordinate system and satellite measurement geocentric coordinate system.A new approach and method for the unification of total station engineering measurement coordinate system and satellite measurement geocentric coordinate system is provided.Therefore,it is not advisable to directly introduce the CPIII control network measurement method for high-speed railways.The three-dimensional adjustment technology and method based on total station without leveling measurement have good characteristics and application prospects in many aspects,and are worthy of research and promotion.