跨流域调水工程“用户枢纽”群联合优化调配

Joint optimization and allocation model of“user-hub”group in inter-basin water transfer project

针对跨流域调水工程运行中存在枢纽群调水与用户群需水不匹配的问题,构建了兼顾水源区枢纽工程运行关键指标和受水区用户侧多目标需求的“用户-枢纽”群联合优化调配模型,用户侧量化了受水区水资源、生态环境、社会经济子系统间函数关系,嵌套于供水子系统的水量配置模型中,枢纽侧考虑水源区枢纽侧调水、发电、能耗等多重效益目标,确保最大化实现用户侧需水过程和枢纽侧调水过程的匹配。将模型应用于陕西省引汉济渭调水工程联合调配模拟,结果表明:联合优化调配模型可提高跨流域调水工程的整体运行效率,灵活调控“用户枢纽”群的需水与运行需求;水量联合优化调配后,各用户缺水率约为7%,经济效益提升了3.6%,水库群基本完成了调水任务,电站群发电量超过5.43亿kW·h,库空率约为8%,降低了系统缺水风险。

To address the mismatch between water demand of user groups and water transfer operation of hub groups in management of inter-basin water transfer projects,a“user-hub”group joint optimization and allocation model was developed,which balanced key operational indicators of hub projects in the water source region and multi-objective demands of users in the water-receiving region.In construction of the model,functional relationships among water resources,ecological environment,and socio-economic subsystems in the water-receiving area were quantified and nested in the water allocation model of the water supply subsystem,and multiple benefit objectives on water transfer,power generation,and energy consumption of the hub side were considered,so as to realize the optimal synchronization between water demand processes on the user side and water transfer processes on the hub side.The model was applied to the joint regulation simulation of the Hanjiang-to-Weihe Water Diversion Project in Shaanxi Province,and the results show that the joint optimization and allocation model enhances the overall operational efficiency of the inter-basin water transfer project,enabling flexible regulation of water demands and operational requirements of the“use-hub”group.Specifically,the water shortage rate of users is maintained at approximately 7%,with an increase of 3.6% in economic benefits.The reservoir group largely fulfills its water transfer tasks,achieving a total power generation of over 0.543 billion kW·h,with a reservoir vacancy rate maintained at around 8%,thereby reducing the risk of water shortages in the system.