流域水生态环境补偿研究进展

Research progress in watershed water ecological environment compensation

围绕补偿机制、控制阈值、标准与价值3个维度梳理了流域水生态环境补偿国内外研究成果。流域补偿问题需要突破单一水量或水质控制因素的限制,兼顾水污染与水生态两方面,建立水质与水量阈值联合控制下的流域水生态环境补偿机制架构;补偿标准需要实现实际价格到经济价格,再到与生态经济价格的属性叠加与内涵拓展。提出未来应在点面结合的多源河流水环境损害补偿控制阈值、考虑河流生态系统服务功能的生态水量补偿控制阈值、水质与水量相互作用机理与双控演化博弈下多模式补偿策略等方面开展进一步的探索研究。

Research achievements on watershed water ecological environment compensation in China and abroad are reviewed from three aspects,including compensation mechanism,control threshold,and standard and value.The watershed compensation issue needs to break through the limitations of single control factors related to water quantity or quality,balance both water pollution and water ecology,and establish a framework of watershed water ecological environment compensation mechanism under joint control of water quality and quantity thresholds.The compensation standards should be formulated based on attribute superposition and connotation extension of practical significance,economic value,and ecological benefits.It is proposed that future research should explore compensation thresholds for point and non-point source pollution-induced riverine environmental damage,ecological water quantity compensation thresholds considering ecosystem service functions of rivers,water quality and quantity interaction mechanism,and multi-model compensation strategies under dual control evolutionary games.