国家考古遗址公园数字化传播手段应用研究

The Application of Digital Communication Methods in National Archaeological Site Parks

国家考古遗址公园是大遗址保护与活化利用的重要载体,具有功能上的综合性和形式上的多样性。丰富的数字化技术可以突破时间与空间上的局限,探索考古学研究成果可呈现的更多可能性。对55家国家考古遗址公园数字化传播手段应用情况的梳理显示,目前已建成的国家考古遗址公园有70%以上采用了数字化传播方式进行展示互动,但其中仅有极少数可不依托室内空间进行遗址实地虚拟展示。总体上数字化建设水平差距较大;且由于技术水平不足而受限于承载空间环境,灵活性较差;另外还存在数字化展示传播项目缺乏公众共建共享、阐释能力和水平不足、真实性与完整性无法完全保证等问题亟待解决。基于上述问题,本文提出需在实践中提升数字化传播理论指导体系的科学性,以人为本、因地制宜,跨界融合借鉴整合优势资源,加强技术进步打破时空限制,挖掘文化内涵突破创新瓶颈,尊重人文关怀服务细分市场,重视环境保护保证真实完整,带动公众参与实现共建共享,建设人才队伍保障智力支持,制定行业标准规范有序发展,构建多语言体系实现国际化站位等建议,借助考古遗址公园建设进一步推动中华文明的保护与传承。

The widespread application of digital communication methods has become an inevitable trend in the construction of national archaeological site parks.These methods are increasingly demonstrating irreplaceable advantages through a growing array of practices.However,during the process of implementing digital initiatives in the current 55 national archaeological site parks,several challenges and shortcomings have been uncovered.Existing literature offers insufficient comprehensive analysis of problems related to the application of digital communication methods in China’s national archaeological site parks,as well as practical suggestions,which require further research.This study employs the survey method,literature review,and quantitative research to provide a thorough overview of the application of digital communication methods in 55 national archaeological site parks,clarifying the existing problems.The research findings indicate that currently,71%of these parks utilize digital communication methods for display and interaction;however,only the Yuanmingyuan National Archaeological Site Park in Beijing can carry out virtual displays of the site without relying on indoor spaces.Overall,there is considerable disparity in digital development and limitations due to insufficient technical capability restrict flexibility in the spatial environment.Furthermore,there are pressing problems including a lack of public co-construction and sharing in digital display projects,inadequate interpretive capacity and quality,and challenges in ensuring authenticity and integrity that need urgent attention.Compared to existing literature,this study further deepens the statistical analysis of the application of digital communication methods across all established national archaeological site parks.It innovatively explores the temporal and spatial limitations,suitability,and appropriateness of these methods,as well as the issues related to the transformation of archaeological findings.Given the identified problems,this paper proposes various targeted and practical solutions,including a people-centered approach,adapting to local conditions,interdisciplinary integration,cultural connotation excavation,environment creation,co-construction and sharing,international cooperation,and the establishment of systems and talent development.This paper provides a comprehensive investigation of the established national archaeological site parks,focusing on discovering problems from new perspectives and proposing innovative strategies,aiming to offer valuable references for the high-quality construction of national archaeological site parks and promoting innovative methods for the protection and utilization of large heritage sites.