供应链数智化建设赋能制造企业新质生产力——基于供应链创新与应用试点城市建设的准自然实验

The Digital and Intelligent Construction of Supply Chains Enables the New Quality Productive Forces of Manufacturing Enterprises:A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the Construction of Supply-chain Innovation and Application Pilot Cities

伴随数字经济的迅猛发展,作为制造业核心纽带的供应链呈现出数智化的发展趋势,或可对企业新质生产力产生深远影响。文章基于赋能理论,从宏观政策制度赋能与数字赋能视角切入,利用2014—2022年沪深A股制造业上市公司数据,运用双重差分模型,探索城市层面供应链数智化建设对制造企业新质生产力的影响。研究结果显示,供应链数智化建设主要通过发挥资源赋能效应和结构赋能效应,提升制造企业新质生产力的水平。其中,资源赋能效应有助于缓解制造企业在生产要素方面的约束,具体表现为提高企业资金流水平以及促进企业新技术的突破;结构赋能效应则通过增强企业的协同合作能力来实现,包括促进企业外部的风险管理协同与企业内部的运营管理协同。异质性分析揭示,对于市场相对落后的企业和供应链上游企业、高技术行业以及数字基础设施建设较为完善和数字人才集聚的地区,供应链数智化建设对新质生产力水平的赋能作用更为显著。文章为政府有针对性地推进供应链数智化建设,进而培育制造企业新质生产力提供了政策启示。

As a key driver of China's modernization and the establishment of a new development paradigm,the development of new quality productive forces is crucial for achieving high-quality economic development.Manufacturing,as an economic pillar,has become the primary battlefield for China to develop new quality productive forces.Meanwhile,supply chains,as the core linkage in manufacturing,are exhibiting a trend of digital and intelligent transformation,which may have a profound impact on new quality productive forces.However,the digital and intelligent enabling of supply chains relies on extensive collaboration within the supply-chain organization network,and the requirements for construction are challenging.Therefore,studying the impact and mechanism of the digital and intelligent construction of supply chains on the new quality productive forces of manufacturing enterprises is of great significance.Based on the enabling theory and using data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed manufacturing companies from 2014 to 2022,this paper employs a DID model to explore the impact of city-level digital and intelligent construction of supply chains on the new quality productive forces of manufacturing enterprises.The results indicate that the digital and intelligent construction of supply chains primarily enhances new quality productive forces by exerting resource enabling and structure enabling effects.The former effect helps alleviate constraints on manufacturing enterprises in terms of production factors;the latter effect is achieved by enhancing enterprises'collaborative capabilities.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that for relatively lagging enterprises,upstream supply-chain enterprises,high-tech industries,heavily-polluting industries,and regions with digital infrastructure and talents,the enabling effect is more pronounced.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:First,it innovatively constructs an index system for the new quality productive forces of manufacturing enterprises,enriching the quantitative research on new quality productive forces at the enterprise level.Second,it extends the related research on evaluating the effectiveness of digital supply chain construction.Third,it reveals the mechanism through which the digital and intelligent construction of supply chains enabling the new quality productive forces of manufacturing enterprises,providing empirical references for the government to formulate targeted policies and advance the digital and intelligent construction of supply chains in an orderly manner.