2023年新疆医疗卫生机构实验室人员消毒灭菌知信行及影响因素调查

Investigation on knowledge-attitude-practice and influencing factors of disinfection and sterilization among laboratory personnel in medical and health institutions in Xinjiang in 2023

目的了解新疆地区医疗卫生机构生物安全二级实验室工作人员消毒灭菌知信行及影响因素,进一步规范医疗卫生机构工作人员的消毒灭菌操作,为下一步开展实验室生物安全管理和继续教育培训提供依据。方法2023年4—5月,采用方便抽样的方法,对来自全疆各地医疗卫生机构参加自治区生物安全实验室骨干人员生物安全培训的221名培训学员进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果共收集到有效问卷221份,实验室人员消毒知识-态度-行为(knowledgeattitude-practice,KAP)得分为(28.67±3.59)分,得分范围为17~36分。其中,消毒灭菌知识得分为(17.87±3.08)分,态度得分为(4.16±1.11)分,行为得分为(6.63±1.10)分。不同学历的实验室人员消毒灭菌知识得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.181,P<0.01),不同单位所在地实验室人员的消毒灭菌态度得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.967,P<0.05),不同学历、专业的实验室人员的消毒灭菌行为得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=54.497、43.396,均P<0.05),不同学历、专业、接受消毒灭菌培训的实验室人员的KAP总得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.698、11.292、8.259,均P<0.05)。学历大专(OR=10.400,95%CI=1.194~90.557)、本科(OR=24.333,95%CI=2.911~203.376)、专业检验专业(OR=6.033,95%CI=1.078~33.771)、没有接受过消毒灭菌培训(OR=4.921,95%CI=1.508~16.056)是调查对象消毒灭菌KAP总分的影响因素。结论应该关注医疗卫生机构实验室人员的消毒灭菌知识的知晓率和操作规范,加强培训,从而提高工作效率并确保实验室的安全。

Objective To understand the knowledge,attitude and practice and influencing factors of disinfection and sterilization among staff in biosafety secondary laboratories of medical and health institutions in Xinjiang region,further standardize the disinfection and sterilization operation of staff in medical and health institutions,and provide a basis for the next step of laboratory biosafety management and continuing education and training.Methods From April to May 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 221 trainees from medical and health institutions across Xinjiang who participated in the biosafety training for key personnel in the autonomous region's biosafety laboratory,and the data were analyzed.Results A total of 221 valid questionnaires were collected.The average score of knowledge-attiture-practice(KAP)was(28.67±3.59)points,ranging from 17 to 36.Among them,the knowledge score of disinfection and sterilization was(17.87±3.08)points,the attitude score was(4.16±1.11)points and the practice score was(6.63±1.10)points.There was a statistically significant difference in the disinfection and sterilization knowledge scores of laboratory personnel with different education levels(χ^(2)=17.181,P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of disinfection and sterilization attitudes of laboratory personnel in different units(χ^(2)=6.967,P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the disinfection and sterilization behavior scores of laboratory personnel with different education background and majors(χ^(2)=54.497,43.396,both P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the total KAP scores of laboratory personnel with different education background,majors,and receiving disinfection and sterilization training(χ^(2)=15.698,11.292,8.259,all P<0.05).Junior college education(OR=10.400,95%CI:1.194-90.557),bachelor's degree undergraduate(OR=24.333,95%CI:2.911-203.376),laboratory major(OR=6.033,95%CI:1.078-33.771),and personnel who had not received disinfection and sterilization training(OR=4.921,95%CI:1.508-16.056)were the influencing factors of the total KAP score of disinfection and sterilization.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the awareness rate of disinfection and sterilization knowledge and operation standards of laboratory personnel in medical and health institutions,and training should be strengthened,so as to improve work efficiency and ensure the safety of laboratory.