护士职业悲伤的研究进展

Research progress on professional grief in nurses

护士职业悲伤是护士在工作环境中因照护对象死亡所产生的、短时间内难以调节的痛苦感受,发生率较高,具有长期性、被剥夺性及易唤起性等特点。护士群体是临床工作中不可或缺的组成部分,而职业悲伤易导致护士身体疲惫,出现内疚与抑郁心理、产生职业倦怠,护理质量与工作满意度下降,护士离职率增加,不利于护士自身健康与职业发展。本文对护士职业悲伤的定义及特点、评估工具、现状及影响因素进行综述,并提出应对策略,为保障护士身心健康,提升护士工作质量,为护理管理和护理教育提供参考。

Nurse professional grief is a painful feeling that nurses experience in the work environment due to the death of their care recipients,which is difficult to regulate in a short period of time.It has a high incidence rate and is characterized by long-term,deprivation,and easy arousal.Nurses are an indispensable part of clinical work,and occupational sadness can easily lead to physical fatigue,guilt and depression,occupational burnout,decreased nursing quality and job satisfaction,increased nurse turnover rate,which is not conducive to nurses'own health and career development.This article provides a review of the definition and characteristics,evaluation tools,current situation,and influencing factors of nurse occupational grief,and proposes coping strategies to ensure the physical and mental health of nurses,improve the quality of nursing work,and provide reference for nursing management and education.