赤霉素处理对‘福寿’报春苣苔生长开花的影响

Effects of Gibberellin Treatment on Growthand Flowering of Primulina

为促进化控技术在报春苣苔属植物商品化生产中的株型控制、花期调控,以‘福寿’报春苣苔为研究对象,采用田间试验方法,喷施浓度为90,60和30 mg·L^(-1)的赤霉素溶液,探明不同浓度的赤霉素对‘福寿’报春苣苔生长及开花的影响。结果表明,喷施赤霉素能影响‘福寿’报春苣苔的生长及开花特性。喷施浓度为30 mg·L^(-1)的赤霉素溶液处理组报春苣苔花期提前2 d,花期持续时间延长9 d,且所有处理组的单株花量都显著增加;喷施浓度为60 mg·L^(-1)的赤霉素溶液处理花序级数显著增加;喷施浓度为30和60 mg·L^(-1)的赤霉素溶液处理组花葶均显著变高;所有处理组的株高、叶片长、叶柄长均较对照组显著变高;喷施实验选取的浓度范围的赤霉素溶液对小花最大花径、单花花期、花葶数量、叶片宽及植株冠幅的影响不显著。赤霉素处理能使‘福寿’报春苣苔提前开花,花量增大且花期延长,其中以30 mg·L^(-1)处理效果最好,同时能够使报春苣苔植株叶片和叶柄变长,植株花葶和株高变高。

In order to investigate the effects of gibberellin(GA 3)at different concentrations on the growth and flowering of Primulina‘Fushou’,and to provide a reference for the application of chemical control technology in the commercial production of Primulina plants for plant type control and flowering regulation.The study took Primulina‘Fushou’as the research object and used field experimental methods to investigate the effects of spraying gibberellin solutions at concentrations of 90,60,30,and 0 mg·L^(-1) on its growth and flowering characteristics.The results showed that spraying gibberellin GA 3 could affect the growth and flowering characteristics of Primulina‘Fushou’.Spraying a gibberellin solution at a concentration of 30 mg·L^(-1) advanced the flowering period by 2 days and extended the flowering duration by 9 days.The number of flowers per plant increased significantly in all treatment groups.Spraying a gibberellin solution at a concentration of 60 mg·L^(-1) significantly increased the number of inflorescences.Spraying gibberellin solutions at concentrations of 30 and 60 mg·L^(-1) significantly increased the height of the floral peduncle.The plant height of all treatment groups was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the leaf length and petiole length were significantly longer.Spraying gibberellin solutions within the selected concentration range had no significant effect on the maximum flower diameter,single flower duration,number of floral peduncles,leaf width,and plant crown width.In conclusion,gibberellin treatment can advance the flowering of Primulina‘Fushou’,increase the number of flowers,and extend the flowering period.The treatment with 30 mg·L^(-1) gibberellin had the best effect.At the same time,the plant leaves and petioles became longer,and the floral peduncle and plant height increased.