电针调控小胶质细胞极化干预神经病理性痛的研究进展

The role of electroacupuncture in modulating microglial polarization for treatment of neuropathic pain

神经病理性痛是一种由于神经系统的损伤或功能紊乱而引发的慢性疼痛,发病机制复杂,临床治疗面临巨大挑战。小胶质细胞在神经病理性痛的发生发展中扮演重要角色,包括在中枢神经系统的激活与调控,如激活小胶质细胞可促进炎症介质释放、参与中枢敏化的形成和维持。电针作为一种传统的非药物治疗方法,可通过调节小胶质细胞极化状态、减少促炎因子的产生以及促使抗炎因子的释放抑制中枢敏化,从而缓解神经病理性痛。本文综述小胶质细胞在神经病理性痛中的作用,探讨电针如何调控小胶质细胞活化与极化,进而减轻神经病理性痛,旨在为神经病理性痛的临床治疗提供理论依据。

Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition resulting from nervous system damage or dysfunction,characterized by complex pathophysiology and significant challenges for clinical treatment.Microglia plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of neuropathic pain through their activation and regulation within the central nervous system.Activated microglia promote the release of inflammatory mediators,contributing to the formation and maintenance of central sensitization.Electroacupuncture(EA),a traditional and effective non-pharmacological therapy,alleviates neuropathic pain by modulating microglial polarization,reducing the production of pro-inflammatory factors,and enhancing the release of anti-inflammatory factors,thereby inhibiting central sensitization.This review summarizes the role of microglia in neuropathic pain and explores how EA modulates microglial activity to mitigate this pain,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.