南京紫金山国家森林公园景观美景度评价及影响因素分析

Landscape beauty evaluation and influencing factors analysis of Zijinshan National Forest Park in Nanjing

【目的】南京紫金山国家森林公园是南京重要的城市森林绿地,评价其景观美景度,可为国家森林公园景观审美价值、社会价值的实现提供理论支持。【方法】基于因子构建法及参数体系构建法,以南京紫金山国家森林公园为研究对象,采用自动线性模型与逐步回归分析方法深入评估南京紫金山国家森林公园景观美景度,并着重分析影响南京紫金山国家森林公园景观美景度的主要因素及群体差异。【结果】1)设定的10个评估分析因子均与南京紫金山国家森林公园景观美景度间具有显著相关性,且文章采用的要素分解法对解释美景度评价具有良好解释性。2)主要景观要素对于南京紫金山国家森林公园景观美景度的影响程度由高到低排列分别为:设施协调程度、空间尺度明晰度、场景均衡程度、画面联想程度、景观主从关系与形式统一程度。3)评价结果存在一定群体差异性,相较于男性、城市居住群体和研究生及以上群体,女性、乡镇居住群体与本科及以下群体对国家森林公园景观美景度评价更高且离散性更低,即个体差异性显著。【结论】综合运用分层样本选择法、美景度评价法对南京紫金山国家森林公园景观美景度进行评价,发现设施协调程度、空间尺度明晰度、场景均衡程度、画面联想程度、景观主从关系与形式统一程度是影响南京紫金山国家森林公园景观美景度的主要因素,有关部门应加强景观管理、丰富自然景观要素、设置科普景观等方面着手,助力森林公园美景度提升。

【Objective】Zijinshan National Forest Park in Nanjing is an important urban forest green space.Evaluating its landscape beauty can provide theoretical support for the realization of the aesthetic and social value of the national forest park landscape.【Method】Based on factor construction and parameter system,this study takes Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park as the research object,and uses automatic linear model and stepwise regression analysis method to deeply evaluate the landscape beauty of Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park,with a focus on analyzing the main factors and group differences that affect the landscape beauty of Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park.【Result】1)The 10 evaluation analysis factors had a significant correlation with the scenic beauty of the Zijinshan National Forest Park in Nanjing,and the factor decomposition method used in the article had good explanatory power for explaining the evaluation of scenic beauty.2)The impact of the main landscape elements on the scenic beauty of the Zijinshan National Forest Park in Nanjing was ranked from high to low,including the coordination degree of facilities,the clarity of spatial scale,scene balance,the degree of image association,and the degree of landscape master-slave relationship and form unity.3)There were certain group differences in the evaluation results.Compared to males,urban residents,and graduate and above groups,females,rural residents,and undergraduate and below groups had higher and lower dispersion evaluations of the scenic beauty of national forest parks,indicating significant individual differences.【Conclusion】By comprehensively using the stratified sample selection method and the beauty evaluation method,the landscape beauty of Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park was evaluated.It was found that the coordination degree of facilities,the clarity of spatial scale,the balance degree of scenes,the degree of image association,and the degree of landscape master-slave relationship and form unity are the main factors affecting the landscape beauty of Nanjing Zijinshan National Forest Park. Relevant departments should strengthen landscape management, enrich natural landscape elements, and set up popular science landscapes to help improve the landscape beauty of the forest park.